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Borzoi Dog Breed

About the Borzoi

The Borzoi, previously known as the Russian Wolfhound, is a breed of immense elegance and grace. Known for its long, silky coat and slender, statuesque appearance, this sighthound is reminiscent of a refined aristocrat with an air of regal self-importance. The Borzoi has its roots in Tsarist Russia and was originally bred to chase and hunt wild game over vast expanses of land.

AKC Group

AKC Group

Hound

Dog Breed Height

Height

26 – 28 Inches

Dog Breed Weight

Weight

60 – 105 Pounds

Dog Breed Lifespan

Lifespan

9 – 14 Years

Highlights

Country of Origin Russia
Bred For Coursing Game, Companionship
Known For Elegance, Courage, Agility
Popularity Moderate
Temperament Loyal, Affectionate, Quiet, Dignified
Activities Hunting, Running, Conformation Shows, Dog Sports

History of the Borzoi

Four beautiful russian Borzoi dogs standing over autumn blue sky bagkground

The Borzoi, or Russian Wolfhound, boasts a lineage that traces back centuries. A breed imbued with an air of aristocratic elegance, this sighthound’s history is intertwined with that of the Russian nobility, the vast, landscape of the Eurasian Steppe, and the pursuit of large and powerful game.

Originating in Russia, the Borzoi was meticulously bred for centuries to hunt wolves and other big game across the sprawling terrain of the Russian Steppe. The breed’s ancestry is believed to encompass the long-haired sheepdogs of central Asia combined with swift greyhounds brought to Russia by traders.

During the Renaissance, Borzois became the favored companions of Russian nobles. The hounds were often gifted to monarchs and dignitaries across Europe, further enhancing their prestige. The breed’s allure was not just rooted in their hunting prowess but also in their striking appearance and regal demeanor.

As hunting expeditions were considered grand events among the nobility, the Borzoi played a vital role. Often, a hunt began with the sighting of game by a human spotter, followed by the release of a pair of Borzoi. Working in tandem, these dogs would chase down and hold the prey, showcasing their speed, endurance, and coordination.

By the late 19th century, the Borzoi had found its way to British and American shores. The breed quickly gained popularity, not just as a hunting hound but also as a show dog and companion. The American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the Borzoi in 1891. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) acknowledged the breed much later, in 1956.

While the Borzoi’s opportunity to demonstrate its hunting exploits in the modern world has greatly diminished, the breed’s appeal remains strong among purebred dog fanciers. These hounds continue to captivate enthusiasts with their grace, intelligence, and unique history, which is a testament to the breed’s remarkable endurance and adaptability.

General Appearance

Height & Weight

Adult male Borzoi typically stand at a height of 28 inches or more at the shoulder, whereas mature females are generally slightly smaller, measuring 26 inches or taller.

In terms of weight, males usually range from 75 to 105 pounds, while females tend to weigh between 60 and 85 pounds.

Proportion & Substance

A photo of a Borzoi dog standing sideways.

The Borzoi is characterized by its long, narrow head and a body that is slightly longer than it is tall. These proportions, as well as the breed’s flowing and curvy silhouette, give the breed its unmistakable elegance. Despite its slender appearance, the Borzoi possesses a robust build, lending it the necessary strength and stamina required for its original purpose as a hunter. The body of this sighthound is well-muscled, but never bulky, thus ensuring agility and speed when in motion. Its general appearance is a harmonious blend of strength, speed, and grace, making it perfectly suited for pursuits that demand both swiftness and endurance.

Coat Texture, Colors & Markings

Texture: The Borzoi boasts a long, silky coat that can be flat, wavy, or only slightly curly. It should be neither extremely straight nor curly, and never harsh or wooly. The luxurious coat not only enhances the breed’s regal appearance, it also offers protection against the elements. However, it should not be so excessive as to spoil the dog’s ability to hunt.

Borzoi Colors

Standard Color
Black & Cream ee
Black & Brindle ee
Silver Brindle ee
Gold Brindle ee
Silver Sable ee
Gold Sable ee
Brindled Sable ee
Sabled Gold ee
Sabled Red ee
Fawn ee
Mahogany Brindle ee
Blue Brindle ee
Cream Sable ee
Red Sable ee
Sabled Cream ee
Mahogany Red ee
Blue & Cream ee
Brown ee
Red Brindle ee
White ee
Black ee
Black & Tan ee
Brindle ee
Blue ee
Gold ee
Sable ee
Apricot ee
Red ee
Cream ee
Silver ee

Borzoi Markings

Standard Marking
White Trim ee
Spotted On White, Black Mask ee
White Markings, Black Mask ee
White Trim, Black Mask ee
Spotted On White, Ticked ee
White Markings, Ticked ee
Spotted On White ee
Black Mask ee
White Markings ee

A Note About Color: The Borzoi is a very colorful breed, with virtually any color or combination of colors acceptable.

Head

Close-up head photo of a Borzoi.

  • Skull: The skull of a Borzoi is long and slightly domed, narrowing gradually from the ears to the eyes, and then more sharply towards the nose. This elongation is a hallmark of the breed, giving it a refined and aristocratic appearance.
  • Expression: The expression is one of quiet dignity and keen alertness. The gaze is often described as introspective, almost as if the dog is lost in thought, which adds much to the breed’s mystique.
  • Eyes: Set obliquely, the eyes are dark and almond-shaped, contributing to the Borzoi’s soft and intelligent expression. Their placement provides the hound with a wide field of vision, an essential trait for a breed originally used for hunting.
  • Ears: The ears are small and set high on the head. When the hound is at rest, the ears lie back, but when alert, they may lift slightly, always retaining their backward fold.
  • Muzzle: Long, lean, and tapering, the muzzle is a testament to the breed’s sighthound lineage. Its length and shape facilitate efficient breathing, especially during high-speed pursuits in cold climates.
  • Nose: The large nose is prominent and dark in color, offering a stark contrast against a coat that is often light in color.
  • Bite: The Borzoi possesses an even or scissors bite, where the upper incisors closely overlap the lower incisors and are set square to the jaws. This configuration is efficient for grabbing and holding on to fast-moving prey.

Tail

The tail of the Borzoi is an extension of its graceful silhouette, complementing the breed’s overall elegance and functionality as a hunter. It is long and set low, reaching at least to the hocks.

In terms of shape, it follows a slight curve and is carried low in repose. When the Borzoi is in motion or particularly alert, the tail may elevate slightly but rarely rises above the level of the back.

The tail is generously covered with longer hair, often referred to as “feathering,” which can be wavy or somewhat curly. This feathering further accentuates the breed’s aristocratic appearance.

Historically, the tail served a practical purpose, aiding in balance during high-speed pursuits and while making turns over the expansive terrain of its native Russia.

The Borzoi – What to Consider?

The decision to bring a Borzoi into one’s home should be made with a clear understanding of the breed’s characteristics, needs, and idiosyncrasies. As elegant as it may appear, this hound is a unique blend of athlete and aristocrat. Its heritage as a hunter means it is both energetic and independent, and its connection with nobles has instilled the breed with a rather dignified demeanor.

Home Life

Interaction With Family

The level of affection a breed typically shows towards family members and familiar individuals will vary. While some breeds may only show genuine warmth towards their owner, remaining standoffish with strangers, other breeds will treat everyone they meet as if they are their closest friend.
Independent Affectionate

Good With Other Dogs

The innate friendliness of a dog towards other dogs can depend on its breed. Although supervision is always recommended during introductions, certain breeds tend to be inherently more or less sociable with other dogs, whether in a home setting or in public spaces.
Not Recommended Reliable With Other Dogs

Good With Young Children

The degree to which a breed will typically be patient with young children, and its overall suitability as a family member, will vary. It is important to always supervise interactions between dogs and the kids in the house, as well as with children who are not accustomed to being around dogs.
Not Recommended Dependable With Children

Upkeep

Amount Of Shedding

The amount of hair that a dog sheds will typically depend on its breed. Heavy-shedding breeds require more frequent brushing, have a higher chance of activating specific allergies, and often necessitate more frequent use of the vacuum cleaner and lint rollers.
Low High

Frequency Of Grooming

The regularity with which a breed needs bathing, brushing, trimming, or other forms of coat care is an all-important consideration. When evaluating the grooming effort required, consider your available time, patience, and budget. It is important to note that all breeds need routine ear, teeth, and nail care.
Monthly Daily

Amount Of Drooling

The tendency of a breed to drool significantly varies from breed to breed. For those who prefer cleanliness or are particular about keeping things tidy, breeds that are likely to leave trails of drool on your arm or large slobbery marks on your clothing and furniture might not be the best fit.
Low High

Coat Type

smooth
wiry
hairless
rough
corded
double
curly
wavy
sikly

Coat Length

short
medium
long

Behavior

Personality

Trainability Level

The ease with which a dog can be trained and its eagerness to learn new skills can depend on the breed. Some breeds are naturally inclined to please their owners and will readily accept training, while others tend to follow their own desires, often showing independence in how, when, and where they choose to do things.
Stubborn Eager

Barking Level

The frequency of vocalization, including barking and howling, will vary from breed to breed. Some may bark at each person who passes by and every bird in the sky, while others will typically bark only for a good reason. Additionally, a few breeds that do not typically bark will still be vocal, using different sounds to communicate.
Quiet Vocal

Energy Level

The level of physical exercise and mental engagement required will depend on the breed. High-energy breeds are always on the go. They are enthusiastic about their next activity and tend to be busy most of the time, running, jumping, and playing throughout the day. In contrast, low-energy breeds are akin to couch potatoes, content to just lounge around and take naps throughout the day.
Couch Potato Busybody

Need For Mental Stimulation

The extent of mental stimulation needed to keep a dog content and healthy will vary by breed. Dogs bred for specific purposes may need tasks involving decision-making, problem-solving, and concentration. Without sufficient mental exercise, these dogs can resort to creating their own activities to engage their minds, resulting in unwanted behaviors like chewing, digging, and escaping.
Minimal Engagement Intensive Interaction

Borzoi Health

In general, the Borzoi is a healthy breed with a robust constitution, a testament to its origins in the harsh climates of its Russia homeland. The breed’s lean physique and active nature mean this hound often remains agile and lively well into its senior years.

Lifespan: On average, the lifespan of a Borzoi ranges between 9 and 14 years. With proper care, a balanced diet, regular vet check-ups, and a loving environment, a hesalthy hound can reach the upper limit of this range.

Potential Health Risks

The Borzoi, like any breed and mixed breed, can be predisposed to certain health conditions. However, it is worth noting that through responsible breeding, many of these risks can be minimized. Here are some of the more commonly known health concerns associated with the breed:

  • Cardiomyopathy: This condition affects the heart muscle, making it hard for the organ to properly pump blood.
  • Osteosarcoma: This is a type of bone cancer that is more prevalent in larger breeds, including the Borzoi.
  • Gastric Torsion (Bloat): A potentially fatal condition where the stomach fills with gas and twists, bloat can strike a Borzoi. Given the breed’s deep chest, an appropriate feeding regimen should be considered to decrease the risk.
  • Hip Dysplasia: While not as common as in some other breeds, individuals can develop hip dysplasia, a malformation of the hip joint that can lead to arthritis.
  • Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): This is a degenerative eye disorder that can lead to blindness. Regular eye exams can detect this condition early on.
  • Neuropathy: A neurologic condition seen in some Borzois, this disease can affect the dog’s ability to move.

Regular veterinary check-ups and keeping a keen eye on the Borzoi’s behavior can help to detect some of these issues before they become a problem. It is recommended that owners of these hounds establish a relationship with their dog’s breeder and with a veterinarian who is familiar with the breed and its physical and emotional needs.

Borzoi Personality

Borzoi russian wolf hound on a dog blanket

The Borzoi, often characterized by its blend of aristocratic elegance and the spirit of a hunter, has a personality that captivates many who encounter the breed. This sighthound’s gentle and affectionate nature means these dogs form deep bonds with their families, offering a quiet yet unwavering loyalty. Yet, this loyalty is paired with an independent streak, a trait that harkens back to their early days as hunters, when quick decisions were vital in the field.

Newcomers to the world of dog ownership might find the Borzoi a bit of a challenge. While these hounds exude grace and are generally well-mannered, their inherent independence requires an owner who can navigate canine behaviors with understanding and provide consistent yet gentle training.

Borzois have a heightened sensitivity, often resonating with the emotions and moods of their human counterparts. This attunement means they flourish in serene and harmonious home environments, reflecting back the peace they sense around them.

Given the depth of their attachment to their human family, the typical Borzoi is not a fan of solitude. Extended periods of isolation can lead these dogs to feelings of anxiety or melancholy. In terms of their relationships with other dogs, they typically coexist peacefully, especially if they have grown up together. However, their robust hunting instincts can occasionally cast smaller pets in a prey-like light, necessitating careful introductions and consistent monitoring.

Children, especially the younger ones, and Borzois can be a delicate mix. While these dogs are undoubtedly gentle, their sheer size and vigor can sometimes lead to unintentional bumps or knocks. It’s often recommended that they share a home with older children who comprehend the nuances of interacting with a larger breed.

When it comes to strangers, the breed’s reaction is varied. Some might lean towards caution and reservation, while others might greet newcomers with warmth. Regardless of their initial reaction, aggression is rarely a concern, and with appropriate introductions, Borzoi tend to be quite amicable.

Borzoi Feeding & Nutrition

Nourishing a Borzoi appropriately is vital to ensuring the dog leads a healthy and vibrant life. Given the breed’s size and activity level, dietary needs might be somewhat different from other breeds.

When it comes to feeding a Borzoi puppy, it’s essential to offer a diet rich in nutrients that support their rapid growth phase. High-quality puppy food formulated for large breeds can be beneficial in this regard. As puppies transition from puppyhood to adulthood, their dietary requirements shift as well. An adult Borzoi requires a well-balanced diet that caters to its energy needs while also ensuring the dog maintains an ideal weight.

The exact amount of food a Borzoi requires can vary based on factors such as age, activity level, metabolism, and overall health. On average, many adult Borzois consume around 3 to 4 cups of high-quality dry dog food daily, divided into two meals. However, this is a general guideline, and the precise amount can vary. It’s crucial to monitor the dog’s weight and adjust the food quantity based on individual needs. Overfeeding or underfeeding can have detrimental effects on any dog’s health.

It’s also worth noting that Borzois, with their deep chests, are at a higher risk for bloat. To mitigate the risk, it’s advisable to let the dog rest after eating and avoid vigorous activity right after meals. Using a slow-feed bowl can also be beneficial for making sure a dog doesn’t eat too quickly, which can contribute to gas buildup.

Consistent feeding routines, paired with fresh water availability, regular dietary consultations with a vet, and keen observation of the dog’s general condition, can all but guarantee that a Borzoi will thrive in most households.

Borzoi Training

Borzoi running through a field

Training a Borzoi offers a unique experience,