Finnish Lapphund Dog Breed

About the Finnish Lapphund

The Finnish Lapphund is a spitz-type dog, originally bred for herding reindeer in the Arctic regions of Finland. Known for its friendly and gentle nature, this active and courageous breed possesses a thick, luxurious coat for protection in harsh weather conditions. The Lapphund is highly intelligent, trainable, and eager to please, making it a suitable companion for active individuals and outdoorsy families. With its striking appearance and charismatic personality, this breed has captured the hearts of dog enthusiasts worldwide.

AKC Group

Herding

Height

18 – 21 Inches

Weight

33 – 53 Pounds

Lifespan

12 – 15 Years

History of the Finnish Lapphund

The Finnish Lapphund boasts a rich history intertwined with the Sámi people who are indigenous to the northern regions of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and parts of Russia. Bred primarily to work as reindeer herders, the dogs were indispensable in helping the Sámi manage large herds, showcasing their strength, endurance, and intelligent herding instincts under challenging Arctic conditions.

Originating from Lapland, the breed’s ancestral roots trace back over hundreds of years. However, it wasn’t until the 20th century that formal recognition and standardization efforts began. The Finnish Kennel Club officially recognized the breed in 1945, establishing a Breed Standard to preserve the dogs’ unique characteristics and working ability. The breed’s popularity grew steadily, capturing the hearts of many people beyond the region’s herding communities.

In 1987, the breed gained official recognition from the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), further solidifying its presence in the international dog community. The breed’s charm and versatility have since led to its recognition by various kennel clubs around the world, including The Royal Kennel Club (UK).

The Finnish Lapphund eventually made its way to North America, capturing the attention of discriminating dog lovers as well as breed enthusiasts. The American Kennel Club welcomed the breed into its Foundation Stock Service in 2001, a significant step towards full recognition. In 2009, the breed ascended to the AKC Miscellaneous Group, marking another milestone in its journey in America. Just two years later, in 2011, the breed officially transitioned from the AKC Miscellaneous Group into the Herding Group. This final move granted the breed full recognition by the AKC, enabling it to participate in all AKC sanctioned events and compete for championships and Conformation titles. This inclusion has facilitated the breed’s growth and popularity in the United States, promoting responsible breeding practices and increasing awareness of the breed’s unique characteristics.

Throughout their history, the Finnish Lapphund has transitioned from a working reindeer herder to a beloved companion, retaining the breed’s intelligence, versatility, and friendly nature. Today, the dogs are showcasing their adaptability and eagerness to work alongside their human companions in activities beyond their historic reindeer duties.

The Finnish Lapphund stands as a testament to the enduring bond that is shared between dogs and humans worldwide. It remains a versatile companion, equally at home in the show ring, participating in dog sports, or simply enjoying life as a cherished family member.

General Appearance

Height & Weight

The Finnish Lapphund is a medium-sized breed with a strong and sturdy build. Adult males typically stand between 18 and 21 inches tall at the shoulder, while mature females are slightly smaller, ranging from 16 to 19 inches.

In terms of weight, Finnish Lapphunds usually weigh between 33 and 53 pounds.

Proportion & Substance

The Finnish Lapphund has a well-proportioned body, displaying both strength and agility. The dog’s body length is slightly longer than its height at the withers, giving the breed a length-to-height ratio of 11 to 10. The Lapphund possesses a profuse coat which hides its rather substantial body. The breed’s strength of bone and muscular development are surprising for a dog of its size, showcasing the breed’s ability to herd reindeer tirelessly.

Coat Texture, Colors & Markings

Texture: The Finnish Lapphund boasts a luxurious double coat, consisting of a soft, dense undercoat and a longer, harsher outer coat. The hair is profuse and straight, providing ample protection against the cold climate in which the breed was originally bred to work. The dense undercoat causes the guard hairs to “stand up.” A ruff appears around the neck, particularly in the males, and the ears are well covered in dense hair. It is important to note that the Lapphund’s coat requires regular grooming to maintain its condition and to prevent mats, especially around the neck and chest areas, but it should not be sculpted or otherwise trimmed.

A Note About Color: The breed is seen in many colors and pattern markings, including: single colors with or without spectacles; secondary colors on the head, neck, chest, belly, legs, feet, and tail; sables; Domino; tan pattern markings; and Irish white markings.

Head

• Skull: The Finnish Lapphund possesses a broad skull that is slightly rounded. The breadth and length are well balanced, ensuring the head appears in proportion with the rest of the body. There’s a noticeable, but not abrupt stop between the eyes.
• Expression: Exhibiting a soft and lively demeanor, the expression is one of alertness, intelligence, and friendliness.
• Eyes: Medium in size and oval-shaped, the eyes are set apart, adorned with dark rims that contribute to the breed’s expressive and earnest appearance. Their color is dark, although they may be lighter in lighter-colored dogs.
• Ears: Triangular and of medium size, the ears are set rather far apart and stand erect, reflecting the breed’s alertness and Northern heritage.
• Muzzle: Displaying strength, the muzzle tapers towards the nose but is not pointed, with a balanced appearance with the skull. The length from the stop to the tip of the nose is slightly less than the length of the skull from the stop to the occiput.
• Nose: Predominantly black, the color of the nose complements the coat’s coloration and contributes to a harmonious appearance. Brown dogs, however, will always have brown pigment.
• Bite: The Finnish Lapphund has a complete scissors bite, where the upper incisors closely overlap the lower incisors and are set square to the jaw, ensuring an effective grip.

Tail

The Finnish Lapphund sports a tail that is an integral part of its characteristic appearance. This reflects its Northern heritage and functionality as a herding breed. The tail is set just below the line of the back, carried in a gentle curve over the back or to the side when the dog is alert or in motion. It is not tight to the back, and when at rest the tail may hang down. It is of medium length and densely coated, and it has a bushy appearance, that not only adds to its visual appeal but also serves as protection against the harsh Arctic conditions it originally endured.

The tail’s carriage and appearance are essential aspects of the breed’s conformation, and both play a significant role in the overall balance and symmetry of the dog. The tail is a distinctive feature of the breed, contributing to its authentic and unadulterated appearance.

The Finnish Lapphund – What to Consider?

Embracing a Finnish Lapphund as a companion means welcoming an energetic, affectionate, and intelligent member into the household. The breed’s friendly and gentle demeanor can make these dogs an ideal choice for both individuals and families. However, becoming a caretaker of this hardy breed entails specific responsibilities for supporting the well-being and happiness of both the dog and its family members.

Finnish Lapphund Health

Renowned for its strength and soundness, the robust Finnish Lapphund typically enjoys good overall health. Nevertheless, individuals may be prone to certain health risks. It is imperative for potential owners to be cognizant of these issues and to collaborate closely with a reputable breeder and veterinarian to monitor each dog’s health and wellness.

Lifespan: The average lifespan of a Finnish Lapphund ranges between 10 and 12 years, but with proper care, regular veterinary check-ups, and a balanced diet, many can thrive beyond these years.

Potential Health Risks

The Finnish Lapphund is known for its robust health, but like any breed and mixed breed, it can be susceptible to certain health conditions. Prospective owners should be aware of these potential risks and seek health clearances from breeders to ensure that the puppy’s parents have been tested and cleared of any breed-specific conditions. Here’s a list of some health issues that could affect a Finnish Lapphund:

• Hip Dysplasia: This is a condition where the femur doesn’t fit snugly into the pelvic socket of the hip joint. Hip dysplasia can exist with or without clinical signs. Some dogs will exhibit pain and lameness on one or both rear legs, but signs of discomfort may go unnoticed for years.
• Elbow Dysplasia: Similar to hip dysplasia, this is a degenerative disease common to medium and large breeds. It is believed to be caused by varying growth rates of the three bones that make up a dog’s elbow, leading to joint laxity. This can lead to painful lameness.
• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): A degenerative eye disorder, PRA eventually causes blindness from the loss of photoreceptors at the back of the eye. It is detectable years before the dog shows any signs of blindness. Reputable breeders have their dogs’ eyes certified annually by a veterinary ophthalmologist and do not breed dogs with the disease.
• Cataracts: This condition causes opacity on the lens of the eye, resulting in poor vision. A dog’s eye(s) will have a cloudy appearance. Cataracts usually develop as a dog ages and can sometimes be surgically removed to improve vision.
• Ear Infections: Due to their heavy ear feathering, Finnish Lapphunds can be prone to ear infections. Keeping the ears clean and dry is vital.
• Autoimmune Diseases: As with any breed, the Finnish Lapphund can suffer from various autoimmune diseases. Regular health check-ups, and keeping an eye on any unusual signs or symptoms, can result in early detection and treatment.

It is vital for both prospective and current owners of the Finnish Lapphund to schedule regular veterinary check-ups. By maintaining a consistent evaluation routine, many potential health issues can be identified early and addressed promptly, affording the dog a greater opportunity for a lengthy, prosperous, and happy life.

Finnish Lapphund Personality

The Finnish Lapphund is renowned for its friendly and calm demeanor, making it a splendid choice for families and individuals alike. With a history deeply rooted in herding, this breed possesses a high level of intelligence and a strong work ethic. It is eager to please, which can facilitate training efforts. However, early socialization is paramount to nurture a well-rounded temperament.

This breed tends to exhibit a gentle and patient nature, making it a good fit for families with children. It should be denoted, however, that it is important to teach children how to interact appropriately with any dog. And although the breed generally gets along well with other dogs, all interactions should be supervised, especially in the initial stages of introduction.

The affectionate Finnish Lapphund enjoys companionship and forms strong bonds with its human companions. Due to this closeness, the breed may be initially reserved around strangers and can only tolerate being left alone for short periods. It is important to remember this breed thrives best when it is part of any family activity.

Finnish Lapphund Feeding & Nutrition

Proper nutrition plays a critical role in the overall health and well-being of a Finnish Lapphund. This breed thrives on high-quality dog food, whether commercially manufactured or home-prepared, under the supervision and approval of your veterinarian. When selecting a dog food, look for brands that list a high-quality source of protein, such as chicken, beef, or lamb, as the first ingredient.

For Finnish Lapphund puppies, it is crucial to provide a balanced diet formulated for growth and development. Puppies generally require three to four meals per day. As they transition into adulthood, the frequency of meals can be reduced to two times daily. Adult Finnish Lapphunds typically do well on two meals per day.

Portion control is vital to prevent overfeeding and maintain an appropriate weight. The amount of food a Finnish Lapphund requires depends on its age, size, build, metabolism, and activity level. A highly active adult Lapphund will require more food than a less active one.

Regularly monitoring your dog’s weight and body condition can help you make necessary adjustments to their diet. You should be able to feel but not see their ribs and see a noticeable waist when looking down at them.

Always have clean, fresh water available at all times. It’s also important to be mindful of treats, as giving too many can contribute to obesity. Opt for healthy treat options and use them sparingly.

Finnish Lapphund Training

Training a Finnish Lapphund can be a rewarding experience owing to their intelligent and eager-to-please nature. Originating as a herding breed, they possess a natural instinct to follow commands and work alongside their human companions. However, their intelligence also means they can be independent thinkers, so a consistent and positive approach to training is essential.

Starting training from a young age and incorporating socialization can significantly impact their behavior positively. Exposure to different people, places, and situations helps in developing a well-rounded and adaptable temperament. Finnish Lapphunds respond well to positive reinforcement techniques such as treats, praise, and play.

While they are not known for being excessive barkers, it is crucial to teach them proper barking etiquette from a young age to prevent any potential nuisance barking. They have a moderate wanderlust potential, so ensuring a secure environment and teaching reliable recall commands are important.

Their prey drive is not as high as in some other breeds, but it’s still crucial to work on their impulse control, especially if there are smaller pets in the household. Early training and socialization can help in managing their interactions with other animals.

Finnish Lapphunds have a moderate to high energy level, and incorporating training into their exercise routine can help in keeping their minds stimulated. Agility, obedience, and herding are excellent activities that channel their energy and intelligence in a positive direction.

Finnish Lapphund Exercise

Maintaining an active lifestyle is paramount for the Finnish Lapphund, a breed endowed with a considerable amount of energy and a penchant for activities. Originating as a herding dog, they possess a natural stamina and require regular exercise to stay fit and content.

Daily walks, coupled with play sessions in a securely fenced yard, can significantly contribute to meeting their exercise needs. They enjoy participating in various dog sports such as agility, obedience, and herding trials, activities that not only provide physical exertion but also mental stimulation. Engaging their intelligent minds is as crucial as tending to their physical needs.

The intensity of their exercise routine can vary, but it’s important to include activities that burn off their energy and engage their minds. Interactive games and toys can also play a role in keeping them entertained, especially during inclement weather when outdoor activities might be limited.

Despite their energetic nature, Finnish Lapphunds are also known for their adaptability. They can enjoy a quiet evening at home as long as their exercise needs have been met. Striking a balance between activity and rest is crucial for maintaining their overall well-being.

Finnish Lapphund Grooming

Grooming plays a vital role in the overall well-being of a Finnish Lapphund, a breed characterized by its thick, double coat. Regular grooming not only helps in maintaining their coat’s health but also provides an opportunity to check for any signs of skin issues or parasites.

The coat of a Finnish Lapphund is medium in length with a soft, dense undercoat and a harsher, weather-resistant outer coat. Despite their thick fur, they are considered to be moderately easy to groom. Brushing them several times a week helps in preventing matting, especially in areas prone to tangling such as behind the ears and on the hind legs.

During shedding season, which occurs typically twice a year, their grooming needs increase. Daily brushing during this period helps in removing the loose fur and prevents it from becoming tangled in their coat. Investing in a good quality brush and comb can make the grooming process easier and more effective.

Shedding is a natural process for the Finnish Lapphund, and while they do shed throughout the year, it is more pronounced during the change of seasons. Regular grooming helps in managing the shedding and keeps their coat in optimal condition.

Apart from coat care, other grooming essentials include nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care. Keeping their nails trimmed prevents issues related to overgrown nails, and regular ear checks help in spotting any signs of infection or irritation. Implementing a dental care routine, including brushing their teeth and providing dental chews, contributes to overall oral health.

Living with a Finnish Lapphund

Welcoming a Finnish Lapphund into your home involves understanding and accommodating their specific living needs. This breed, originally bred for herding reindeer in the harsh Arctic conditions of Lapland, has a sturdy build and a thick coat that makes them well-suited for colder climates. However, they are adaptable and can thrive in various living situations when their needs are met.

In terms of living arrangements, Finnish Lapphunds can adjust to apartment living, but it is crucial to provide them with ample exercise and mental stimulation. A home with a securely fenced yard is ideal, giving them space to burn off energy. Regardless of the living space, regular outdoor activities and engagement are essential to keep them happy and prevent boredom.

Their thick double coat offers protection against cold weather, and they generally enjoy outdoor activities in colder temperatures. During the winter months, Finnish Lapphunds are in their element, often reveling in snow play and brisk walks. Nevertheless, adequate shelter and protection from extreme conditions are necessary to ensure their comfort and safety.

Conversely, hot weather requires special attention for this breed. Their dense coat can make them susceptible to overheating, and caretakers should provide shade, water, and limit exercise during the hottest parts of the day. Some Finnish Lapphunds may appreciate a cool place to lie down, such as a tiled floor, during warmer weather.

Finnish Lapphund Puppies

The arrival of a litter of Finnish Lapphund puppies is a cause for celebration. It is also a responsibility that requires a significant commitment to the mother and her growing babies. Preparation and patience are key, as is an understanding of the pups’ specific needs during their formative months. These puppies, known for their playful and affectionate nature, thrive in environments where they receive consistent training, socialization, and plenty of love.

Caring for a Finnish Lapphund Puppy

When caring for a Finnish Lapphund puppy, providing a safe and nurturing environment is crucial. A Lapphund puppy is an intelligent little dog that is eager to learn, making the early months an ideal time to start basic training and socialization. Exposing the pup to different people, environments, and situations helps in developing its confidence and adaptability.

Nutrition plays a vital role in the growth and development of the puppy. Feeding a balanced and age-appropriate diet supports its physical health, and consulting with a veterinarian can help in determining the right type and amount of food for its specific needs.

Establishing a routine for feeding, potty breaks, and playtime creates a sense of security and helps with the housetraining. A puppy will require frequent bathroom breaks, so patience is key during the housebreaking process.

Engaging the puppy’s mind through play and interactive toys will aid its mental development and help to burn off its energy. Providing appropriate chew toys also helps in addressing teething needs and prevents the pup from chewing on inappropriate items.

Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor the puppy’s growth, administer vaccinations, and address any potential health concerns early on. These appointments also provide an opportunity to discuss nail and dental care, and to establish a preventative healthcare regimen.

Finnish Lapphund Activities & Dog Sports

The Finnish Lapphund is a versatile and intelligent breed that excels in a variety of dog sports. Here are some suitable activities for the Finnish Lapphund:

• Obedience: The breed’s intelligence and eagerness to please make them excellent candidates for Obedience training and competitions.
• Agility: This fast-paced sport tests the dog’s speed, agility, and handler communication. Finnish Lapphunds enjoy the challenge and excitement of navigating through obstacle courses.
• Herding Trials: Given their herding background, Finnish Lapphunds have a natural instinct for herding. Engaging them in Herding Trials provides an outlet for this instinct and tests their ability to control and direct livestock.
• Rally Obedience: This sport combines elements of Obedience and Agility, requiring the dog and handler to complete a course of obedience-related challenges.
• Sledding and Skijoring: Given their Arctic heritage, some Finnish Lapphunds enjoy participating in Sledding and Skijoring, where they pull a sled or a person on skis.
• Tracking: This sport taps into the Finnish breed’s scenting ability, challenging them to follow a scent trail over various terrains.
• Flyball and Disc Dog: For those Finnish Lapphunds with a high energy level, Flyball and Disc dog activities provide a fun and engaging way to burn off energy.
• Conformation Shows: These events allow Finnish Lapphunds to showcase their breed standard qualities. Participation helps in promoting responsible breeding practices and preserving the breed’s characteristics.
• Canine Good Citizen (CGC): This program focuses on responsible pet ownership and basic good manners for dogs. Achieving the CGC title reflects a dog’s well-behaved and well-trained nature.
• Therapy Work: With their gentle and affectionate temperament, Finnish Lapphunds can make excellent therapy dogs, providing comfort and companionship to people in hospitals, nursing homes, and other settings.

Participation in these activities requires consistent training, and handlers should always consider the individual needs and preferences of their Finnish Lapphund. Engaging in these activities enhances the dog’s quality of life, provides necessary stimulation, and fortifies the bond between dog and handler.

Group Classification & Standards

The Finnish Lapphund is recognized by the world’s leading registries and kennel organizations, which categorize the breed into a specific Group based on its unique characteristics. This breed is recognized worldwide under the following Group designations:

The ideal Finnish Lapphund is described by a Breed Standard that is approved by each of the world’s leading registries and kennel organizations. The Breed Standards for this breed may be found in the following links:

Finnish Lapphund Clubs

Finnish Lapphund clubs play a crucial role in fostering a community of enthusiasts, breeders, and owners, dedicated to the well-being and promotion of the breed. These clubs often provide invaluable resources, including educational materials, breeding guidelines, and opportunities for socialization and participation in breed-specific activities.

In the United States, the Finnish Lapphund Club of America, established in 2004, stands out as a pivotal organization upholding the breed standard and offering support to Finnish Lapphund owners nationwide. The club is active in sharing knowledge, organizing events, and advocating for responsible breeding practices.

In Canada, the Finnish Lapphund community is represented by the Finnish Lapphund Club of Canada. This club works diligently to educate the public about the breed, provide support to Finnish Lapphund owners, and promote responsible ownership.

In the United Kingdom, the Finnish Lapphund Club of Great Britain takes on the mantle of supporting and promoting the breed. They facilitate a network of Finnish Lapphund enthusiasts, breeders, and owners, working together to ensure the health and well-being of the breed in the UK.

These clubs collectively contribute to the global Finnish Lapphund community, creating a supportive network for anyone interested in this charming and versatile breed. They play a vital role in preserving the breed’s heritage, promoting ethical breeding practices, and ensuring that Finnish Lapphunds thrive in loving homes around the world.

Finnish Lapphund Rescue Groups

Providing a loving home to a Finnish Lapphund through rescue groups is a commendable and rewarding endeavor. Numerous organizations work dedicatedly to rescue, rehabilitate, and rehome Finnish Lapphunds and related breeds.

In the United States, the Finnish Lapphund Club of America operates its own rescue service, focusing specifically on helping Finnish Lapphunds in need. This service provides a crucial safety net for Finnish Lapphunds, ensuring they receive the necessary care and attention before finding their forever homes.

In addition to breed-specific rescue efforts, there are various all-breed rescue organizations and shelters across the country that occasionally have Finnish Lapphunds or similar breeds available for adoption.

Finnish Lapphund Facts

• Rooted in Tradition: Originally used by the Sami people of Lapland to herd reindeer, the Finnish Lapphund has a strong heritage as a working dog. This background has endowed the breed with an impressive stamina and exceptional resilience.
• A Communicative Companion: Finnish Lapphunds are known for their vocal nature. They tend to express themselves through barks, howls, and other vocalizations, a trait that was useful in their herding work.
• Adaptable Coat: Their thick double coat is well-suited to harsh Arctic climates, providing insulation against extreme cold. However, this coat also requires regular grooming to keep it in top condition.
• Friendly and Sociable: Despite their working heritage, Finnish Lapphunds are known for their friendly and sociable nature, making them excellent companions in modern homes.
• Intelligent and Trainable: This breed is highly intelligent and eager to please, traits that make training a rewarding experience. However, they also have a stubborn streak and typically require a patient and consistent approach to training.
• A Heart for Herding: Despite their transition from working dogs to companion animals today, many Finnish Lapphunds still retain their herding instincts. Some will display this behavior with other pets or even with humans, a quirky trait that harkens back to their herding heritage.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Are Finnish Lapphunds hypoallergenic?

Finnish Lapphunds are not considered hypoallergenic. They have a thick double coat that sheds seasonally and may produce a significant amount of dander. Individuals with allergies to pet dander may experience a reaction when around this breed. So, it is crucial to spend time with Lapphunds before deciding to bring one into the home if allergies are a concern.

Do Finnish Lapphunds bark a lot?

Finnish Lapphunds are known to be quite vocal. The breed was bred to work closely with humans, herding reindeer, and their vocal nature was helpful in this task. These dogs tend to bark to alert their owners of anything unusual and to express themselves, or when they’re simply excited, This makes it important for owners to train these dogs on the proper barking etiquette.

How long do Finnish Lapphunds live?

The lifespan of a Finnish Lapphund typically ranges from 12 to 15 years. Like all dogs, however, longevity depends on a dog’s overall health, genetics, and the level of care it receives. Regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, and routine exercise contribute to a longer, healthier life for this breed.

Are Finnish Lapphunds affectionate?

Finnish Lapphunds are known for their affectionate and friendly nature. They form strong bonds with their families and enjoy being involved in family activities. Their gentle and sociable demeanor makes them excellent companions for active families and individuals alike.

Are Finnish Lapphunds easy to train?

Finnish Lapphunds are intelligent and eager to please, traits that can make training a rewarding experience. However, they can also display a stubborn streak and therefore require a consistent and patient training approach. Positive reinforcement techniques work well with this breed, encouraging these dogs to learn and follow commands with relish.

Are Finnish Lapphunds good with cats?

With proper socialization, a Finnish Lapphund can get along well with cats and other pets. It is essential, however, to introduce the dog to cats and other animals in a controlled and positive manner, especially at a young age. The breed’s herding instincts can kick in, so supervision and training are necessary to ensure safe and harmonious interactions.

Do Finnish Lapphunds shed?

Yes, Finnish Lapphunds shed. The breed has a thick double coat that requires regular grooming to manage shedding and prevent mats from forming. During seasonal changes, these dogs can experience heavier shedding and benefit from more frequent brushing.

How fast can Finnish Lapphunds run?

Finnish Lapphunds are agile and have good endurance, traits that aided them in their original herding duties. While they are not known for their speed as are some other breeds, these dogs are quick and nimble, and able to move swiftly when needed. Their agility makes them excellent candidates for dog sports such as Agility and Fast CAT.