01/Overview
The Akita is a powerful, dignified breed originating from Akita Prefecture on the Japanese island of Honshu. The breed is renowned for its large, powerful appearance and its noble and intimidating presence. The Akita is revered for its loyalty and courage, often serving as both a symbol of good health and as a guardian. These dogs carry themselves with an almost “bear-like” strength and a remarkable composure that reflects their dignified heritage. In many countries, the breed is known as the American Akita.
Highlights
02/History
The Akita is a breed with a storied past, originating from the mountainous regions of Northern Japan. Esteemed for centuries for their loyalty and courage, these dogs were bred for hunting big game such as elk, wild boar, and bear. The breed's unwavering loyalty was epitomized by the famous Hachikō, an Akita who, following his owner's death, faithfully awaited his master's return each day at train station for nearly ten years.The Akita's lineage faced a serious threat during World War II, with government orders issued to cull all non-combat dogs. Some Akitas were released into the wild or crossbred with German Shepherd Dogs to avoid this fate. Morie Sawataishi and other dedicated supporters of the breed played a pivotal role in preserving the purebred Akita during these trying times.The breed was officially recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) on a definitive basis on March 13, 1964. An official Breed Standard was published on March 13, 2001. The Akita was also recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1972, marking a significant milestone in the breed's history outside its native Japan. This recognition not only helped to preserve the unique qualities of the Akita, it also paved the way for its appreciation on a global scale.From the mountainous terrain of Northern Japan, the Akita has emerged as a symbol of strength, loyalty, and companionship. Although they once roamed the snowy landscapes hunting formidable game, their role has evolved tremendously. Today, Akitas have transcended their traditional duties, becoming cherished protectors of hearth and home. Their historical significance and unique character continue to endear them to dog enthusiasts globally, securing the breed's place in the hearts of those they loyally serve and protect.
03/Appearance
Adult male Akitas boast a robust frame and typically stand between 26 and 28 inches tall at the shoulder, whereas mature females are slightly smaller, ranging from 24 to 26 inches in height.The weight of a male Akita in healthy condition usually varies from 100 to 130 pounds, while the female's weight should be proportionately less, roughly between 70 and 100 pounds.
Skull: The skull of the Akita is broad and flat between the ears, with a slight furrow extending well up the forehead. The head forms a blunt triangle when viewed from above.
Eyes: The eyes are small in comparison to the rest of the head, dark brown in color, and deeply set, contributing to the breed's keen gaze. The eye rims are tight and black, providing a sharp contrast and adding much to the dog's alert demeanor.
Ears: In keeping with the head's triangular appearance, the ears are triangular, erect, and slightly rounded at the tips. They are set wide on the head but follow the line of the neck and are carried forward in a hooded fashion over the eyes, in line with the arch of the neck.
Muzzle: The muzzle is broad, deep, and full, with a stop that is well-defined but not too abrupt. It tapers gradually from the base to the nose, but it is not pointed.
Nose: The nose is broad and always black in color, except for white Akitas which may have a lighter-colored nose. Partial pigment and a lack of pigment are unacceptable.
Bite: The Akita has a strong jaw and a level or scissors bite, where the upper incisors closely overlap the lower incisors and are set square to the jaws. A strong bite is vital for the breed's historic role as both a hunter and a guardian. Consequently, overshot and undershot bites are unacceptable in the breed.
The Akita exhibits a majestic presence with a well-proportioned, solid frame that exudes strength without the impression of bulkiness. The breed is longer than it is tall, adhering to a length-to-height ratio of 10 to 9 for males and 11 to 9 in females.The breed’s substance is robust, characterized by a well-muscled physique and heavy bone, providing these dogs with the necessary power and endurance required for their historic roles. Despite their sturdy build, Akitas move with an agile grace that belies their size. The harmonious blend of strength and substance creates an impressive silhouette, one that is distinctly spitz-like with an unquestionably refined dignity.
Texture: The Akita's coat is a hallmark of the breed, boasting a double layer that provides insulation against harsh environmental conditions. It is an essential aspect of the breed. The breed's straight, harsh outercoat offers protection in all weather conditions, and the dense, soft undercoat provides insulation. The coat’s length measures approximately two inches on the withers and rump, slightly longer on the body. On the head, ears, and legs the hair is short, but on the tail it is rather long. Unlike some other spitz-type breeds, there is no ruff around the neck or feathering on the legs.
Standard Colors
04/Consider
Bringing an Akita into the home means inviting in a dog with a proud heritage and a dignified temperament. Known for its unwavering loyalty and noble disposition, this breed can be a joy to own for experienced dog handlers. However, it is crucial to consider its specific needs and characteristics to ensure a harmonious relationship with everyone in the home.
Interaction With Family
The level of affection a breed typically shows towards family members and familiar individuals.
Good With Other Dogs
The innate friendliness of a dog towards other dogs can depend on its breed.
Good With Young Children
The degree to which a breed will typically be patient with young children.
Openness To Strangers
How openly a breed tends to greet new people, visitors and strangers.
Protective Nature
How likely a breed is to alert you to — and stand between you and — anything unfamiliar.
Playfulness Level
How enthusiastic a breed stays about games and play well past puppyhood.
Trainability Level
How readily a breed takes direction and works with you rather than around you.
Barking Level
How much a breed uses its voice, and how readily.
Energy Level
How much get-up-and-go a breed brings to an average day.
Health
The Akita is generally hearty and robust, but the breed is not without a few breed-specific health challenges. Owners should be proactive in understanding these potential issues and engage in preventive healthcare practices. Collaborating with a reputable breeder and a veterinarian who is familiar with the breed can be instrumental in maintaining the health and happiness of an Akita. Lifespan: The life expectancy of an Akita is typically around 10 to 14 years. With attentive care, including regular veterinary check-ups and a well-managed diet, dogs of this breed can enjoy a long and vibrant life.
The Akita is known for having a dignified and reserved personality, often showing a profound loyalty to family members. This makes the breed an excellent companion in the right home. However, these dogs can be aloof with strangers and they can exhibit a strong guarding instinct, a trait that requires careful socialization from a young age. Despite their strong-willed nature, Akitas may be a good match for those novice owners who are committed to understanding and catering to the breed's specific needs.Akitas prefer not to be left alone for extended periods, thriving on companionship and interaction with their human partners. They generally coexist well with other dogs if they have been properly socialized, but it is worth noting that they may show dominance, which calls for careful management. Similarly, the breed's sensitivity level is quite high. Akitas are responsive to their environment and can be affected by changes in their routine or household.The Akita's attitude towards strangers varies from dog to dog. Some may be welcoming, while others will be more reserved. Early and continuous socialization is key to fostering a well-adjusted temperament. When it comes to children, Akitas can be good-natured and protective. However, interactions should always be supervised, especially with young children, to provide a safe environment for both the kids and the dog.
Exercise Expectations
The intensity of the exercise should be matched to the individual dog's health, age, and fitness level. Puppies and young Akitas, for instance, will often have bursts of energy and may require more active play, while adults may prefer longer walks or hikes. Akitas also enjoy mental challenges, so incorporating training exercises into playtime can be very beneficial. As for playfulness, Akitas can be quite playful with their family members, showing a lighter side of their personality at playtime. They tend to be more reserved with strangers, but once a bond is formed, they engage enthusiastically in games and interactive toys. It's important to note that Akitas can be prone to overheating in hot weather, so exercise should be done during the cooler parts of the day during summer months, and always make sure that they have plenty of fresh water available. Regular exercise helps to keep Akitas fit and prevent boredom, which can lead to destructive behavior.
Living with an Akita can be a rewarding experience for those who appreciate the breed's complex nature. Akitas can adapt to apartment living provided they are given sufficient exercise, mental stimulation, and attention. They are relatively inactive indoors, but they do need space to move around comfortably, so a home with a sizable, securely fenced yard is ideal.These dogs are well-suited to colder climates due to their thick double coats. They enjoy frolicking in the snow and can tolerate lower temperatures quite well. However, Akitas are not as tolerant of hot weather. Owners should provide them with shade and air conditioning during hot spells to prevent overheating.Additionally, Akitas are known for their cleanliness and can be quite easy to housebreak. Their fastidious nature often leads them to avoid puddles and dirt, and they can be trained to keep their sleeping and eating areas clean.In essence, an Akita can thrive in various living conditions, from apartments to homes with large yards, as long as their physical and psychological needs are met. They are robust dogs that can handle the cold but may need extra care when it's hot. Prospective Akita owners should be prepared to meet the breed's need for companionship, structure, and regular exercise.
05/Puppies
The arrival of a litter of Akita puppies is an exciting event. These pups are adorable, fluffy representations of what will grow up to become dignified and powerful adults. Raising an Akita puppy requires a commitment to training and socialization, and the early establishment of boundaries to shape a well-adjusted and sociable adult dog.
Caring for an Akita puppy involves more than just love and affection; it requires a structured approach towards its development. Early socialization is crucial; exposing the pup to various people, sights, sounds, and experiences helps mold its temperament as an adult. Consistent, positive training sessions are key to capitalizing on the breed's intelligence and eagerness to learn.Feeding the Akita puppy should be done with food that is appropriate for the pup's age and size, ensuring it supports rapid growth without causing too much weight gain too quickly, which can put stress on the developing bones and joints. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor the puppy's growth and to initiate a vaccination schedule.Exercise for the Akita puppy should be carefully considered so as to not overexert its developing bodies. Short and frequent exercise sessions are beneficial, allowing the pup to burn energy and build muscle without causing harm.Finally, grooming should be introduced early to get the puppy accustomed to the routine. This not only helps to maintain the coat and skin, it also strengthens the bond between the Akita and its caretaker.
06/Activities
Akitas are well-suited to a variety of events that can help to channel their energy and intelligence. Participation in these activities can also deepen the bond between the Akitas and its handler. Here are some of the dog sports that are suitable for the breed:
Obedience: Obedience tests an Akita's ability to perform a variety of progressively difficult tasks upon command.
Agility: For some Akitas, nothing could be more fun than navigating an obstacle course with efficiency and speed.
Rally Obedience: A combination of Agility and Obedience, Rally-O is a sport where the dog and handler complete a course with signs that indicate different exercises to be performed.
Tracking: These events allow the Akita to demonstrate its natural ability to follow various scents.
Weight Pulling: These are exciting competitions where dogs pull a specified weight on a cart or sled.
Conformation Shows: Conformation dog shows are popular events in which Akitas are welcome to complete based on how closely they conform to the Breed Standard.
Canine Good Citizen (CGC): This is a certification program that rewards dogs with good manners at home and out in the community.
Therapy Work: With their calm and steady demeanor, Akitas can be excellent Therapy Dogs in hospitals and schools.
In addition to these structured activities, Akitas also enjoy interactive play sessions with their human companions, such as fetch, tug-of-war, and hide-and-seek, which keep their minds and bodies engaged. It is important to note that some Akitas will have a strong prey drive, so any activity should always be supervised, especially if other animals are present.
Gallery
07/Standards
The Akita is recognized by the world's leading registries and kennel organizations, which categorize the breed into a specific Group based on its unique characteristics. This breed is recognized worldwide under the following Group designations:
The ideal Akita is described by a Breed Standard that is approved by each of the world’s leading registries and kennel organizations. The Breed Standards for this breed may be found in the following links:
08/Clubs
Akita clubs are instrumental in upholding the Breed Standard, advocating responsible ownership, and cultivating a community for breeders and breed advocates. These organizations serve as knowledge centers and offer a variety of activities, ranging from dog shows and performance events to educational forums.In the United States, the Akita Club of America (ACA) is the primary organization for Akita enthusiasts. As a member of the American Kennel Club, the ACA safeguards the breed's written Standard, organizes events, and provides resources on Akita wellness and health research.The Akita Club of Canada is the main body for Akita owners and breeders in Canada. This club is dedicated to the well-being of the breed, promoting ethical breeding practices and serving as a collective voice for regional clubs. It coordinates a range of activities that include conformation shows and educational initiatives for the community.Joining or engaging with these clubs provides Akita enthusiasts with a wealth of knowledge and many opportunities to connect with others who share the same passion for this iconic breed.
09/Rescue
Akitas can sometimes require rehoming for a variety of reasons such as owner relocation, health issues, and other personal constraints. Akita rescue organizations play a vital role in these instances for providing these dignified dogs another opportunity for a stable and loving home.The Midwest Akita Rescue Society (MARS) is a notable rescue group in the United States that specializes in helping Akitas in the heartland. The group's volunteers provide care and seek loving homes for dogs in need, emphasizing the importance of matching the right Akita with the right family.In the western part of the country, Akita Rescue Southern California takes on the responsibility of rescuing, rehabilitating, and rehoming Akitas in need. The organization's efforts ensure that each needy Akita finds a suitable home where it can live out its life with love and dignity.The national club, the Akita Club of America, also participates in rescue efforts, providing support and resources across the country. Its members work alongside regional rescue organizations to protect vulnerable Akitas and to educate potential adopters.While specific Akita rescue groups do incredible work, general animal rescues and local shelters can also play a role in the welfare of individual Akitas. These organizations can be vital to their communities, providing a safety net for connecting an Akita with the home it needs.
10/Facts
National Symbol
The Akita is considered a National Treasure in Japan and is highly revered across the country.
Helen Keller
The first Akita brought to the United States was gifted in 1937 to Helen Keller, who admired the breed for its beauty and dignity.
Webbed Paws
Akitas have webbed paws that make them excellent swimmers, a feature that was originally useful for hunting in cold water.
Great Japanese Dog
Before 2006, the dog that is known as the "American" Akita was referred to as the "Great Japanese Dog" by some.
Matagi Dogs
The ancestors of the modern Akita were Matagi hunting dogs that were used for tracking and hunting game.
Hachiko's Legacy
Hachiko, a Japanese Akita, is celebrated for his unwavering loyalty after he waited for his deceased owner every day at Tokyo's Shibuya Station from 1925 until his own death in 1935. His story has been an inspiration worldwide and embodies the loyalty and devoted nature of the breed.
Akita Museum
There is a museum in Japan dedicated to the Akita, showcasing its history and cultural importance.
11/FAQ
Akitas are not inherently dangerous, but like any large and powerful breed, they do require proper training and early socialization. These dogs possess a strong guarding instinct and can be very protective, which may be misconstrued as aggression. Responsible ownership and understanding of their nature can prevent dangerous situations.
Official Standard of the Akita
General Appearance: Large, powerful, alert, with much substance and heavy bone. The broad head, forming a blunt triangle, with deep muzzle, small eyes and erect ears carried forward in line with back of neck, is characteristic of the breed. The large, curled tail, balancing the broad head, is also characteristic of the breed.
Head: Massive but in balance with body; free of wrinkle when at ease. Skull flat between ears and broad; jaws square and powerful with minimal dewlap. Head forms a blunt triangle when viewed from above. Fault – Narrow or snipy head. Muzzle – Broad and full. Distance from nose to stop is to distance from stop to occiput as 2 is to 3. Stop – Well defined, but not too abrupt. A shallow furrow extends well up forehead. Nose – Broad and black. Black noses on white Akitas preferred, but a lighter colored nose with or without shading of black or gray tone is acceptable. Disqualification – partial or total lack of pigmentation on the nose surface. Any nose color other than black, except on white Akitas. Ears – The ears of the Akita are characteristic of the breed. They are strongly erect and small in relation to rest of head. If ear is folded forward for measuring length, tip will touch upper eye rim. Ears are triangular, slightly rounded at tip, wide at base, set wide on head but not too low, and carried slightly forward over eyes in line with back of neck. Disqualification – Drop or broken ears. Eyes – Dark brown, small, deep-set and triangular in shape. Eye rims black and tight. Lips and Tongue – Lips black and not pendulous; tongue pink. Teeth – Strong with scissors bite preferred, but level bite acceptable. Disqualification – noticeably undershot or overshot.
Neck and Body: Neck – Thick and muscular; comparatively short, widening gradually toward shoulders. A pronounced crest blends in with base of skull. Body – Longer than high, as 10 is to 9 in males; 11 to 9 in bitches. Chest wide and deep; depth of chest is one-half height of dog at shoulder. Ribs well sprung, brisket well developed. Level back with firmly-muscled loin and moderate tuck-up. Skin pliant but not loose. Serious Faults – Light bone, rangy body. Tail – Large and full, set high and carried over back or against flank in a three-quarter, full, or double curl, always dipping to or below level of back. On a three-quarter curl, tip drops well down flank. Root large and strong. Tail bone reaches hock when let down. Hair coarse, straight and full, with no appearance of a plume. Disqualification – Sickle or uncurled tail.
Forequarters and Hindquarters: Forequarters – Shoulders strong and powerful with moderate layback. Forelegs heavy-boned and straight as viewed from front. Angle of pastern 15 degrees forward from vertical. Faults – Elbows in or out, loose shoulders. Hindquarters – Width, muscular development and bone comparable to forequarters. Upper thighs well developed. Stifle moderately bent and hocks well let down, turning neither in nor out. Dewclaws – On front legs generally not removed; dewclaws on hind legs generally removed. Feet – Cat feet, well knuckled up with thick pads. Feet straight ahead.
Coat: Double-coated. Undercoat thick, soft, dense and shorter than outer coat. Outer coat straight, harsh and standing somewhat off body. Hair on head, legs and ears short. Length of hair at withers and rump approximately two inches, which is slightly longer than on rest of body, except tail, where coat is longest and most profuse. Fault – Any indication of ruff or feathering.
Color and Marking Patterns: Any coloring including white; brindle; or pinto. Exceptions: Merle marking pattern. Liver color. Colors are rich, brilliant and clear and markings are well balanced, with or without mask or blaze. White Akitas have no mask. Pinto has a white background with large, evenly placed patches covering head and more than one-third of body. Undercoat may be a different color from outer coat. Disqualification – Merle marking pattern. Liver color.
Gait: Brisk and powerful with strides of moderate length. Back remains strong, firm and level. Rear legs move in line with front legs.
Size: Males 26 to 28 inches at the withers; bitches 24 to 26 inches. Disqualification – dogs under 25 inches; bitches under 23 inches.
Temperament: Alert and responsive, dignified and courageous. Akitas may be intolerant of other dogs, particularly of the same sex.
Disqualifications:
Partial or total lack of pigmentation on nose.
Any nose color other than black, except on white Akitas.
Drop or broken ears.
Noticeably undershot or overshot.
Sickle or uncurled tail.
Dogs under 25 inches; bitches under 23 inches.
Merle marking pattern.
Liver Color.
Approved May 10, 2022
Effective August 8, 2022
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Learn how to judge the Akita breed: from their powerful stature to their unique temperament, and effectively assess this remarkable breed.
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Discover insights from Lynny Benzinger, breeder of Big Benz Akitas, on puppy selection, breed health, dog sports, and more.
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Explore Performance Akitas excelling in Rally, Obedience, Agility, Scentwork, and more! Redefining breed excellence beyond the show ring.
The tail of an Akita is large and full, set high and carried over the back in a gentle or double curl that touches the back or drapes over the flank on either side. It is a distinguishing characteristic of the breed, adding to the overall impression of strength and nobility.Akitas have tails that contribute greatly to the breed's characteristic silhouette. The tail is large and strong, and is covered in straight and coarse hairs without creating a plume. It curves gracefully over the back or to the side in a full, double, or three-quarter curl. The tail is never docked, and uncurled or sickle-shaped tails are unacceptable in the breed.
Standard Markings
A Note About Color: The Akita may be pinto or brindle in color, with or without white markings and/or a black mask. Pinto-marked dogs are white with large, evenly placed patches on the head and more than one-third of the body. Solid white is an acceptable color for the breed; however, the merle pattern and liver colored-coats are not.
Adaptability Level
How easily a breed copes with changes in home, routine, noise and weather.
Mental Stimulation Needs
How much a breed needs a job, a puzzle or training to stay content.
Feeding an Akita requires attention to their nutritional needs at different stages of life. Puppies, with their rapid growth, may need a diet formulated for large breeds to make sure that their bones and joints develop properly. Adult Akitas, known for their sturdy physique, will thrive on a well-balanced diet that maintains their muscular build without leading to excess weight, which can exacerbate potential health issues like hip dysplasia.The amount of food an Akita will require can vary based on their size, age, metabolism, and activity level. Typically, an adult Akita may need between 3 to 5 cups of high-quality dry dog food per day, divided into two meals. This is a general guideline, and it is important to monitor your dog's weight and adjust food portions accordingly to avoid overfeeding.As for puppies, they will need more frequent feedings of specially formulated food to accommodate their developmental needs. This could mean 3 to 4 meals a day for very young puppies, gradually reducing to two meals as they mature. Always make sure that fresh water is available, and discuss your dog's diet with your veterinarian to tailor it to your dog's specific health requirements.
Training an Akita requires patience, consistency, and an understanding of the breed's independent nature. These intelligent dogs respond well to training that includes positive reinforcement and mutual respect. Despite their independent streak, Akitas have a good capacity to learn and can be trained effectively, especially when the training is started early in their puppyhood.Akitas are not known for being overly vocal, but they will bark to alert their handlers to anything unusual, making them excellent watchdogs. It is important to teach them when barking is appropriate to prevent excessive noise.Their intelligence is one of their most notable attributes, which means they can learn quickly, but it also means they can get bored with repetitive tasks. Keeping training sessions short, engaging, and varied will help maintain their focus.Wanderlust is not typically a trait associated with Akitas, but they do require secure fencing and supervision when outdoors due to their strong prey drive. This breed may exhibit predatory behavior towards small animals, so training should also focus on impulse control to manage these instincts.
Grooming Expectations
Grooming an Akita is not particularly challenging, but it does demand regularity. The process offers an excellent opportunity to check for any skin issues or parasites that might be hidden under their thick coat. Bathing should be done as needed—too frequent baths can strip the coat of its natural oils, leading to dry skin. When it comes to shedding, Akitas do lose a considerable amount of hair, especially during the change of seasons. Regular grooming during these periods can help to minimize the amount of hair that ends up around the house. In addition to coat care, routine maintenance such as nail trimming, teeth brushing, and ear cleaning should be part of their grooming regimen to ensure overall health and prevent common issues like overgrown nails or dental problems.
