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Boykin Spaniel Dog Breed

About the Boykin Spaniel

The Boykin Spaniel is a versatile and spirited hunter, renowned for its keen abilities in the field and for its friendly disposition. This breed originates from South Carolina and has become the Official State Dog. Its medium-sized frame and rich, chocolate-hued coat have garnered admiration from both hunters and families alike. Equally adept on land and in water, the Boykin possesses an unwavering enthusiasm for retrieving. Beyond its working capabilities, the breed is cherished for its affectionate nature and loyalty to its family members. Whether hunting or resting at home, the Boykin is sure to capture the hearts of many with its amiable personality and pleasing presence.

AKC Group

AKC Group

Sporting

Dog Breed Height

Height

14 – 18 inches

Dog Breed Weight

Weight

25 – 40 pounds

Dog Breed Lifespan

Lifespan

10 – 15 years

Highlights

Country of Origin United States
Bred For Flushing Birds, Companionship
Known For Friendliness, Gentleness, Willingness, Adaptability
Popularity Moderate
Temperament Friendly, Eager, Lovable
Activities Hunting, Running, Swimming, Conformation Shows, Dog Sports

History of the Boykin Spaniel

The Boykin Spaniel, fondly referred to as the “Little Brown Dog” of South Carolina, has a history that is as charming as the breed itself. A versatile hunting dog with a heart and head for waterfowl, the Boykin has roots that stretch deep into the American South.

The tale of the Boykin Spaniel begins in early 20th century South Carolina. The breed’s story is said to have started with a stray spaniel-type dog named “Dumpy.” Found by a man named Alexander White in the town of Spartanburg, around 1900, the little brown dog was given a home and soon showcased a natural talent for retrieving. Recognizing the dog’s abilities, White sent him to his hunting partner, Lemuel Whitaker Boykin, a man known for his expertise in training waterfowl hunting dogs.

L. W. Boykin refined and developed Dumpy’s innate skills, and from this foundation the breeding and evolution of the Boykin Spaniel began. The breed was specifically tailored for hunting wild turkeys and ducks in the Wateree River Swamp, requiring a compact, energetic dog that could handle both water and land retrieves.

The Boykin quickly endeared itself to local hunters. Its size was perfectly suited for the smaller boats frequenting the Wateree River, and its keen senses, combined with the breed’s boundless enthusiasm, made it indispensable to hunters in the area.

By the mid-20th century, the Boykin’s reputation had become more widely known, garnering even more widespread appreciation. The Boykin Spaniel Society, established to preserve the breed’s unique characteristics and heritage, played a pivotal role in promoting the breed’s many distinct qualities and its uniquely American history.

While its roots are firmly planted in hunting, the Boykin’s original role has diversified over time. Today, besides being a cherished hunting ally, the breed is also beloved as a family companion and Therapy Dog, and an eager participant in a wide variety of dog sports.

The American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the Boykin Spaniel in 2009. Other major kennel clubs, such as the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and The Royal Kennel Club (UK), have yet to give the breed their stamp of approval.

The Boykin Spaniel’s importance in South Carolina’s cultural history is clearly evident. In 1985, the state honored the breed by declaring it the Official State Dog, affirming its cherished status among South Carolinians.

General Appearance

Height & Weight

Adult male Boykin Spaniels typically stand between 15.5 and 18 inches tall at the shoulder, while mature females usually range from 14 to 16.5 inches.

When it comes to weight, males generally weigh between 30 and 40 pounds, with females being typically lighter, weighing around 25 to 35 pounds.

Proportion & Substance

The Boykin Spaniel is a breed that exhibits both strength and agility. It has a sturdy frame without appearing bulky. Its body length is slightly longer than its height, giving it a somewhat rectangular proportion. This length, coupled with a strong back and well-developed musculature, equips the Boykin for endurance, particularly when retrieving game. The overall substance of the breed is neither too heavy nor too light, striking a harmonious balance that showcases its athletic abilities and inherent soundness.

Coat Texture, Colors & Markings

Texture: The coat of the Boykin Spaniel is medium in length and can range from slightly wavy to curly. This texture is not only aesthetically pleasing, it also provides the breed with protection in a wide variety of environments.

A Note About Color: The only acceptable color for a Boykin Spaniel is solid liver, a deep reddish brown that includes various shades of chocolate, from light to very dark. Some Boykins can have faint color variations due to bleaching from the sun. A small amount of white may appear on the chest, but nowhere else.

Head

  • Skull: Moderately broad and flat on top, the skull tapers gently towards the eyes, culminating in a defined stop. The skull is neither too large for the body nor too small, striking a balance that aligns with the breed’s medium stature.
  • Expression: The breed’s expression is one of eagerness and intelligence, often illuminated with a hint of mischief. It’s this lively and friendly expression that endears the breed to many.
  • Eyes: Set well apart and medium in size, the eyes of the Boykin Spaniel are usually a rich shade of amber or brown. Their almond shape exudes warmth and alertness, reflective of the breed’s keen senses.
  • Ears: Set slightly above the line of the eyes, the Boykin’s ears are of medium length, with a thin leather, and hang close to the cheeks. Their shape is pendulous and they’re covered in wavy hair that gives them a gentle, feathered appearance.
  • Muzzle: The muzzle is of medium length and half as wide as the skull, tapering slightly but not to a point. It is powerful with a straight nasal bone, highlighting the breed’s strength as a retriever.
  • Nose: The Boykin’s nose is broad and dark liver in color. Its well-defined nostrils enhance its impressive scenting abilities, crucial for the breed’s usefulness as a hunting partner.
  • Bite: The Boykin Spaniel has a scissors bite, where the upper incisors closely overlap the lower incisors. This bite configuration is ideal for retrieving, allowing the dog to hold game gently yet firmly. A level bite is acceptable but is less desirable.

Close-up head photo of a Boykin Spaniel.

Tail

The tail of the Boykin Spaniel is an essential breed feature, indicative of the dog’s mood and enthusiasm. It is generally docked to a length of 3 to 5 inches and is set slightly below the level of the back. Undocked tails are less common in the breed. The tail is carried horizontally or slightly elevated above the level of the back, especially when the dog is alert or in motion. When the dog is in high spirits or on the move, the tail’s gentle waving motion is accentuated by a moderately dense coat that has a slight feathering.

The Boykin Spaniel – What to Consider?

The decision to bring a Boykin Spaniel into one’s life is to welcome a bundle of energy, intelligence, and affection. These “little brown dogs,” while endearing, do come with certain requirements and considerations that potential owners should be aware of to ensure a harmonious relationship.

Home Life

Interaction With Family

The level of affection a breed typically shows towards family members and familiar individuals will vary. While some breeds may only show genuine warmth towards their owner, remaining standoffish with strangers, other breeds will treat everyone they meet as if they are their closest friend.
Independent Affectionate

Good With Other Dogs

The innate friendliness of a dog towards other dogs can depend on its breed. Although supervision is always recommended during introductions, certain breeds tend to be inherently more or less sociable with other dogs, whether in a home setting or in public spaces.
Not Recommended Reliable With Other Dogs

Good With Young Children

The degree to which a breed will typically be patient with young children, and its overall suitability as a family member, will vary. It is important to always supervise interactions between dogs and the kids in the house, as well as with children who are not accustomed to being around dogs.
Not Recommended Dependable With Children

Upkeep

Amount Of Shedding

The amount of hair that a dog sheds will typically depend on its breed. Heavy-shedding breeds require more frequent brushing, have a higher chance of activating specific allergies, and often necessitate more frequent use of the vacuum cleaner and lint rollers.
Low High

Frequency Of Grooming

The regularity with which a breed needs bathing, brushing, trimming, or other forms of coat care is an all-important consideration. When evaluating the grooming effort required, consider your available time, patience, and budget. It is important to note that all breeds need routine ear, teeth, and nail care.
Monthly Daily

Amount Of Drooling

The tendency of a breed to drool significantly varies from breed to breed. For those who prefer cleanliness or are particular about keeping things tidy, breeds that are likely to leave trails of drool on your arm or large slobbery marks on your clothing and furniture might not be the best fit.
Low High

Coat Type

smooth
wiry
hairless
rough
corded
double
curly
wavy
sikly

Coat Length

short
medium
long

Behavior

Personality

Trainability Level

The ease with which a dog can be trained and its eagerness to learn new skills can depend on the breed. Some breeds are naturally inclined to please their owners and will readily accept training, while others tend to follow their own desires, often showing independence in how, when, and where they choose to do things.
Stubborn Eager

Barking Level

The frequency of vocalization, including barking and howling, will vary from breed to breed. Some may bark at each person who passes by and every bird in the sky, while others will typically bark only for a good reason. Additionally, a few breeds that do not typically bark will still be vocal, using different sounds to communicate.
Quiet Vocal

Energy Level

The level of physical exercise and mental engagement required will depend on the breed. High-energy breeds are always on the go. They are enthusiastic about their next activity and tend to be busy most of the time, running, jumping, and playing throughout the day. In contrast, low-energy breeds are akin to couch potatoes, content to just lounge around and take naps throughout the day.
Couch Potato Busybody

Need For Mental Stimulation

The extent of mental stimulation needed to keep a dog content and healthy will vary by breed. Dogs bred for specific purposes may need tasks involving decision-making, problem-solving, and concentration. Without sufficient mental exercise, these dogs can resort to creating their own activities to engage their minds, resulting in unwanted behaviors like chewing, digging, and escaping.
Minimal Engagement Intensive Interaction

Boykin Spaniel Health

The Boykin Spaniel is typically a sturdy and healthy breed, blessed with a resilient constitution. However, like all breeds and mixed breeds, the Boykin can be susceptible to specific health conditions. Prospective owners should be aware of these potential issues and work closely with a trusted breeder and veterinarian to ensure each individual dog maintains optimal health throughout its life.

Lifespan: The average lifespan of a Boykin Spaniel ranges between 10 and 15 years, but with proper care, regular check-ups, and a balanced diet, many can thrive beyond these years.

Potential Health Risks

Boykin Spaniels, like any other dog, can be predisposed to certain health issues. While it’s essential to remember that not every Boykin will face these challenges, being aware of them can help owners take preventive measures and ensure early detection.

  • Hip Dysplasia: This is a genetic condition where the thigh bone doesn’t fit snugly into the hip joint, leading to arthritis over time.
  • Eye Conditions: They may be prone to various eye disorders, including cataracts, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), and eyelid abnormalities.
  • Patellar Luxation: This condition is a dislocation of the kneecap, which can be painful and even lead to lameness if not addressed.
  • Exercise-Induced Collapse (EIC): A genetic condition, EIC results from strenuous exercise which can cause a weakening of the limbs, loss of muscle control, and even collapse.
  • Heart Diseases: Boykins can sometimes suffer from heart conditions like Pulmonic Stenosis or other congenital heart disorders.
  • Skin Allergies: Some Boykins might have sensitivities to certain environmental triggers, causing itchy or inflamed skin.
  • Elbow Dysplasia: This is a complex joint disorder that can lead to lameness or arthritis in severe cases.
  • Gallbladder Mucoceles: Abnormal accumulation of mucus in the gallbladder can cause severe abdominal pain or other complications.

It’s important for Boykin Spaniel owners to maintain regular veterinary check-ups that can detect potential health issues early on. Choosing a reputable breeder who screens for commonly inherited health problems can also help in the search for a healthier puppy. Regular vet visits, proper nutrition, and being informed about the health concerns in the breed will all contribute to a dog’s well-being.

Boykin Spaniel Personality

Boykin Spaniels are renowned for their affable nature, exuding a cheerful disposition that’s hard to resist. Their historical role as hunting companions has shaped them into alert and intelligent dogs, but it’s their affectionate demeanor that truly defines them.

For novice dog owners, a Boykin Spaniel can be a joy, as the breed is often eager to please and responsive to positive reinforcement. The sensitivity level of Boykins is moderately high, meaning they thrive on human companionship and do not respond well to harsh corrections or prolonged isolation. It’s essential to approach training with kindness and patience, understanding that the bond formed during these sessions is integral to every Boykin’s welfare.

In terms of socialization, the Boykin Spaniel usually fares well with other dogs, showcasing a playful and non-aggressive demeanor. Early socialization is crucial, as it ensures they develop positive behaviors around other animals and humans. This breed’s gentle nature typically extends to young children, making Boykins a popular choice for families. However, as with any breed, supervision during interactions between dogs and young kids is always recommended.

Their friendly approach isn’t just limited to familiar faces. Boykin Spaniels are usually welcoming toward strangers, albeit with a hint of initial caution. They might take a moment to assess a new person, but once they’re assured of benign intentions, their warm and friendly nature shines through.

Boykin Spaniel Feeding & Nutrition

The nutritional needs of a Boykin Spaniel change over the course of its life, and understanding these requirements is crucial for its overall health and well-being. Feeding a balanced diet tailored to the dog’s age, weight, activity level, and health needs can make a significant difference in its vitality and longevity.

For Boykin Spaniel puppies, it’s essential to provide a nutrient-rich puppy formula that supports their rapid growth and development. As puppies are notably active and have higher energy needs, they often require more frequent meals. Instead of feeding large portions, it’s advisable to break down their daily food intake into smaller meals spread throughout the day.

As the Boykin Spaniel transitions to adulthood, its metabolism may slow down a bit. It’s during this phase that owners should shift from puppy formula to adult dog food. Monitoring the dog’s weight and adjusting the food portions is necessary to ensure a Boykin maintains a healthy weight. Typically, an adult might consume between 1.5 to 2.5 cups of high-quality dry dog food daily. However, this amount can vary based on the dog’s activity level and individual metabolic rate.

It’s also worth noting that Boykin Spaniels, with their enthusiastic nature, can sometimes be prone to overeating. Owners should be cautious about overfeeding and refrain from giving too many treats, especially those not specifically designed for dogs.

To ascertain the most appropriate diet for a Boykin Spaniel, consulting with a veterinarian or a pet nutritionist can be invaluable. They will provide personalized recommendations that cater to the specific needs of each individual dog.

Boykin Spaniel Training

Training a Boykin Spaniel can be a delightful experience, thanks to the breed’s inherent eagerness to please and its agile mind. Historically, these dogs were trained to assist hunters in retrieving game, which honed their ability to follow commands and work cohesively with humans.

However, their responsive nature doesn’t necessarily mean training is always a walk in the park. Patience and consistency are vital. Using positive