The Pharaoh Hound, an ancient and regal breed, holds a position of distinction in the world of purebred dogs. Though its name suggests an Egyptian origin, the breed has been associated with the Mediterranean island nation of Malta for centuries. Its original name, Kelb tal-Fenek, translates to “Rabbit Dog,” which speaks to this dog’s ability to pursue its prey with ease. Elegant in appearance and noble in demeanor, the “Pharaoh” is a national treasure in its native land today and a beloved companion wherever it is found.
AKC Group
Hound
Height
21 – 25 Inches
Weight
45 – 55 Pounds
Lifespan
12 – 14 Years
Highlights
Country of Origin
Malta
Bred For
Rabbit Hunting, Companionship
Known For
Affection, Grace, Speed
Popularity
Low
Temperament
Intelligent, Active, Affectionate, Alert
Activities
Hunting, Running, Hiking, Conformation Shows, Dog Sports
History of the Pharaoh Hound
The Pharaoh Hound, with its noble and ancient lineage, invites intrigue and admiration from canine enthusiasts and historians alike. As its name suggests, this breed is associated with the pharaohs of ancient Egypt, and it is not hard to envision this graceful hound alongside royalty. In many ways, the Pharaoh is a living relic, bearing a striking resemblance to hieroglyphic images and artifacts that date back thousands of years.
While many believe the Pharaoh originated in Egypt, recent genetic studies indicate that its roots are more closely linked to the island of Malta. Known as Kelb tal-Fenek in Maltese, which translates to “rabbit dog,” the breed was historically used by Maltese hunters to chase rabbits across the island’s rocky terrain. Its keen senses and agile physique made it a formidable and cherished hunting companion to the island’s farmers.
The Pharaoh Hound remained relatively isolated on Malta for centuries. It was only in the 20th century that the breed began to gain recognition outside the Maltese archipelago. British servicemen stationed in the country during the 1960s were among the first to appreciate the breed’s unique attributes. They played a pivotal role in introducing the Pharaoh to the United Kingdom. The breed’s introduction to the United States followed shortly thereafter.
As for official recognition, the Pharaoh Hound has achieved recognition from several prestigious canine organizations. The American Kennel Club (AKC) formally recognized the breed in 1984, while the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and The Royal Kennel Club (UK) have also bestowed the honor, celebrating the breed’s distinct characteristics and historical significance through full recognition.
The Pharaoh Hound’s journey from ancient Egypt to the Maltese islands, and onto the world stage, is a testament to its enduring appeal and timeless elegance. Today, while it may no longer roam palaces or participate in hunts as fervently as it once did, the Pharaoh remains a cherished companion that is revered for its history, speed, and beauty.
General Appearance
Height & Weight
Adult male Pharaoh Hounds typically stand between 23 to 25 inches tall at the shoulder, while mature females generally measure from 21 to 24 inches in height.
In terms of weight, adult Pharaoh Hounds usually range from 45 to 55 pounds.
Proportion & Substance
The Pharaoh Hound’s height-to-length ratio represents an almost square proportion. This result is a framework that supports both speed and agility, crucial traits for a breed historically used for hunting on the rocky slopes of Malta and its sister islands. Substance-wise, the breed is not bulky or heavy-set. Instead, it has a lean and muscular build, underscoring its role as a swift and efficient hunter.
Coat Texture, Colors & Markings
Texture: The coat of the Pharaoh Hound is short and close-fitting, with a fine texture and glossy shine. A slightly longer and harsher coat is acceptable; however, a length that produces feathering is not. Puppies can have a longer, fuller coat, but this will eventually be replaced by the short, close adult coat. Color in the adult Pharaoh varies from a beige/tan to chestnut to a rich, red/copper.
Pharaoh Hound Colors
Standard Color
Chestnut
ee
Red Golden
ee
Rich Tan
ee
Tan
ee
Markings: White Markings
A Note About Color: The coat’s color tends to deepen as the dog matures, although paler shades are acceptable in the adult. A white tail tip and white on the chest (referred to as “the star”) are desired, and white on the toes and a slim white strip on the centerline of the face are acceptable. White hairs on any other parts of the body are unacceptable, although a gray muzzle is typical of older Pharaohs.
Head
Skull: The skull of the Pharaoh Hound is long and lean, with a gradual stop. The top of the skull is parallel and slightly rounded, with a prominent occipital bone.
Expression: The expression is one of keen intelligence and alertness. The eyes sparkle with curiosity, reflecting the breed’s inquisitive nature.
Eyes: Medium-sized and oval in shape, the eyes are set well apart. Their color typically complements the coat’s color, ranging from a rich amber to a deep hazel.
Ears: Set high on the head, the ears are broad at the base and medium in length. They stand erect when the dog is alert, often turning a bright pink color during periods of happiness or excitement.
Muzzle: The muzzle is long and chiseled, narrowing slightly towards the nose. It represents a blunt wedge that complements the overall proportions of the head.
Nose: The nose is flesh-colored, blending seamlessly with its coat. The nostrils are well-developed, hinting at the breed’s keen sense of smell. When excited, the nose often become bright pink in color.
Bite: Possessing a scissors bite, the Pharaoh Hound’s upper incisors closely overlap the lower incisors, ensuring a strong and effective grip.
Tail
The Pharaoh Hound’s tail is strong at the base and tapers towards the tip. It is medium-set and follows the topline, reaching below the point of the hocks. When relaxed, the tail hangs naturally, with a slight curve. In moments of excitement or when the dog is in motion, it is raised higher and curved.
The Pharaoh uses its tail for balance during high-speed pursuits, making it an essential tool for this agile hunter. In terms of appearance, the tail often carries white hair on its tip, which can be a helpful feature for tracking these dogs during daytime and nighttime hunts.
The Pharaoh Hound – What to Consider?
Steeped in history and radiating elegance, the Pharaoh Hound is not just a pet but a companion with a rich legacy. Owning one of these hounds is an experience filled with many rewards and a few challenges. As a potential owner, it’s crucial to understand the breed’s unique needs and attributes to establish and maintain a harmonious relationship.
The level of affection a breed typically shows towards family members and familiar individuals will vary. While some breeds may only show genuine warmth towards their owner, remaining standoffish with strangers, other breeds will treat everyone they meet as if they are their closest friend.
IndependentAffectionate
Good With Other Dogs
The innate friendliness of a dog towards other dogs can depend on its breed. Although supervision is always recommended during introductions, certain breeds tend to be inherently more or less sociable with other dogs, whether in a home setting or in public spaces.
Not RecommendedReliable With Other Dogs
Good With Young Children
The degree to which a breed will typically be patient with young children, and its overall suitability as a family member, will vary. It is important to always supervise interactions between dogs and the kids in the house, as well as with children who are not accustomed to being around dogs.
Not RecommendedDependable With Children
Upkeep
Amount Of Shedding
The amount of hair that a dog sheds will typically depend on its breed. Heavy-shedding breeds require more frequent brushing, have a higher chance of activating specific allergies, and often necessitate more frequent use of the vacuum cleaner and lint rollers.
LowHigh
Frequency Of Grooming
The regularity with which a breed needs bathing, brushing, trimming, or other forms of coat care is an all-important consideration. When evaluating the grooming effort required, consider your available time, patience, and budget. It is important to note that all breeds need routine ear, teeth, and nail care.
MonthlyDaily
Amount Of Drooling
The tendency of a breed to drool significantly varies from breed to breed. For those who prefer cleanliness or are particular about keeping things tidy, breeds that are likely to leave trails of drool on your arm or large slobbery marks on your clothing and furniture might not be the best fit.
LowHigh
Coat Type
smooth
wiry
hairless
rough
corded
double
curly
wavy
sikly
Coat Length
short
medium
long
Behavior
Acceptance Of New People
The likelihood of a breed to be friendly towards strangers will vary. While some breeds may consistently exhibit reserve or caution around unfamiliar people, regardless of the setting, others are often eager to greet and interact with any new person they meet.
ReservedOutgoing
Protective Nature
The propensity of a dog to notify you of the presence of strangers is breed-dependent. Some breeds are more inclined to respond to any perceived threat, be it the mailman or a squirrel outside the window. However, most breeds are generally more accepting of strangers who are welcomed by their human family members.
Minimal InterestMaximum Vigilance
Playfulness Level
The likelihood of a breed remaining playful beyond puppyhood will vary. Certain breeds retain their enthusiasm for activities like tug-of-war or games of fetch well into their adult years, whereas others are more content to simply lounge on the sofa with you for the majority of time.
LowHigh
Adaptability Level
The ease with which a breed can adapt to changes in its environment can vary greatly. This adaptability encompasses how well a breed is likely to cope with alterations to its home and yard, noise levels, weather conditions, daily routines, and other fluctuations in everyday life.
LowHigh
Personality
Trainability Level
The ease with which a dog can be trained and its eagerness to learn new skills can depend on the breed. Some breeds are naturally inclined to please their owners and will readily accept training, while others tend to follow their own desires, often showing independence in how, when, and where they choose to do things.
StubbornEager
Barking Level
The frequency of vocalization, including barking and howling, will vary from breed to breed. Some may bark at each person who passes by and every bird in the sky, while others will typically bark only for a good reason. Additionally, a few breeds that do not typically bark will still be vocal, using different sounds to communicate.
QuietVocal
Energy Level
The level of physical exercise and mental engagement required will depend on the breed. High-energy breeds are always on the go. They are enthusiastic about their next activity and tend to be busy most of the time, running, jumping, and playing throughout the day. In contrast, low-energy breeds are akin to couch potatoes, content to just lounge around and take naps throughout the day.
Couch PotatoBusybody
Need For Mental Stimulation
The extent of mental stimulation needed to keep a dog content and healthy will vary by breed. Dogs bred for specific purposes may need tasks involving decision-making, problem-solving, and concentration. Without sufficient mental exercise, these dogs can resort to creating their own activities to engage their minds, resulting in unwanted behaviors like chewing, digging, and escaping.
Minimal EngagementIntensive Interaction
Pharaoh Hound Health
The Pharaoh Hound is generally a healthy and robust breed, with a strong lineage that has been preserved over centuries. The breed’s lean and athletic build serves it well, offering a degree of resistance to some common canine ailments.
Lifespan: With proper care, a Pharaoh Hound typically enjoys a lifespan ranging between 12 and 14 years. However, as with all dogs, lifespan can be influenced by a variety of factors, including genetics, the quality of healthcare provided, diet and nutrition, and the conditions of the dog’s immediate environment.
Potential Health Risks
Like all dog breeds and mixed breeds, the Pharaoh Hound, despite its robust constitution, is not entirely immune to health issues. Understanding these potential risks can equip owners to take preventive measures and provide the best care possible.
Hip Dysplasia: A common ailment in many dogs, hip dysplasia is a genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit into the hip socket properly. Regular check-ups can help in early detection and management.
Patellar Luxation: This condition refers to the dislocation of the kneecap, which can range from mild to severe. It is essential to monitor for any signs of discomfort or lameness in the hind legs.
Allergies: Pharaoh Hounds can be susceptible to various allergies, be they from food, environmental factors, or specific products. Regular veterinary exams can help to pinpoint and address allergies effectively.
Eye Conditions: Like many breeds, the Pharaoh Hound may experience certain eye conditions, including progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). Regular eye check-ups are crucial for early detection and treatment.
While the Pharaoh Hound is generally a healthy breed, being cognizant of potential health risks is vital. Regular veterinary check-ups, combined with an owner’s keen observation, can go a long way towards ensuring early detection and timely intervention.
Pharaoh Hound Personality
The Pharaoh Hound, renowned for its unusual elegance, possesses a personality that is both charming and multifaceted. Those who share their homes with this breed often find themselves captivated by its endearing quirks and its noble bearing.
For novice dog owners, the Pharaoh can be an agreeable companion, but it is worth noting that this hound’s spirited nature may require a bit more patience and understanding. The breed is known for its sensitivity and often forms deep bonds with its family, being keenly attuned to the emotions of each member of the household. This sensitivity, while making the dogs wonderfully empathetic companions, also means they might not always appreciate being left alone for extended periods.
When it comes to canine companions, the Pharaoh Hound usually gets along well with other dogs, especially if introduced to them at a young age. The breed’s social nature often sees these dogs enjoying play sessions with their fellow canines, although, like any dog, individual temperaments can vary.
Families with young children will find that the Pharaoh, with proper introduction and supervision, can be a gentle and patient playmate. However, it is essential to teach children how to approach and handle a dog to ensure all interactions are harmonious.
When it comes to meeting strangers, the Pharaoh Hound’s reactions can range from aloofness to polite curiosity, depending on individual temperament and socialization. Proper introductions and positive experiences can help with shaping a balanced response during introductions.
Pharaoh Hound Feeding & Nutrition
Nurturing a Pharaoh Hound’s health and vitality significantly hinges on the quality of nutrition it receives. This breed’s unique dietary needs reflect its athletic build and active lifestyle, demanding a careful balance of nutrients to sustain its energy and maintain its svelte figure.
For Pharaoh Hound puppies, the dietary focus should be on supporting their rapid growth and development. Puppies usually require food that is richer in proteins and fats, supporting their muscle development and providing the energy necessary for their playful antics. It’s advisable to feed a Pharaoh Hound puppy multiple small meals throughout the day to support their faster metabolism and smaller stomach capacity.
Transitioning to adult food should be gradual, typically around the age of one year. Adult Pharaoh Hounds, with their lean and muscular build, require a balanced diet that caters to their active nature. Proteins from high-quality sources, such as lean meats, are essential to maintain muscle mass. The amount of food necessary will depend on the dog’s age, activity level, and metabolism. On average, an adult Pharaoh Hound might require anywhere from two to three cups of high-quality dry food daily, split into two meals.
It’s essential to monitor the dog’s weight and adjust the food portions accordingly. Overfeeding can lead to obesity, which in turn can precipitate various health issues. Conversely, underfeeding can result in malnutrition. Regular weight checks and consultations with a veterinarian can guide optimal feeding routines.
Fresh water should always be readily available to keep the Pharaoh Hound hydrated, especially after physical activities.
Pharaoh Hound Training
The Pharaoh Hound, with its keen intellect and independent nature, presents a unique set of challenges and rewards in the realm of training. While they are quick learners, their strong-willed disposition requires a handler with patience, consistency, and an understanding of positive reinforcement techniques.
Training a Pharaoh Hound is most effective when started at a young age. Early socialization and exposure to varied environments, people, and other animals can help shape a well-rounded and confident adult dog. Their sensitive nature means they respond best to positive reinforcement methods, such as treats, praises, or play. Harsh corrections or punitive measures can be counterproductive and might cause the dog to become wary or withdrawn.
When it comes to vocalization, the Pharaoh Hound is not typically known to be excessively barky. However, they might raise an alert when they notice something unusual or feel the need to communicate. Training can help moderate this behavior and ensure they bark only when necessary.
One trait that potential Pharaoh Hound owners should be aware of is their high prey drive. This breed’s ancient history as hunters means they have a natural instinct to chase. This “wanderlust potential” means they might take off after a squirrel, bird, or other small animals. Thus, a secure yard and leash training are essential to prevent any unexpected escapades.
Their intelligence is evident, but it comes paired with a sense of independence. While they can grasp commands quickly, they might occasionally display a selective hearing attitude, choosing when they want to obey. Consistency in training is the key to overcoming this trait.
Pharaoh Hound Exercise
The breed’s athletic lineage is evident in its lithe build and enthusiastic approach to physical activities. These dogs possess a boundless energy reservoir that needs regular outlets to ensure they remain both physically and mentally stimulated.
Exercise Expectations
Energy Level
Medium to High
Exercise Requirements
1 Hour/Day (Minimum), Daily Walks, Vigorous Running, Regular Exercise, Playing with Another Dog, Mental Stimulation
When it comes to their exercise needs, the Pharaoh Hound thrives on activities that engage both their body and mind. Daily walks, preferably a mix of brisk walking and occasional sprints, cater well to their nature. They also appreciate the opportunity to run freely in a secure area, where they can indulge their high-speed chasing instincts without any restraints.
The energy level of the Pharaoh Hound is considerably high, reflecting its ancient role as a hunting companion. As a result, merely a leisurely stroll around the block might not suffice. Engaging them in more strenuous activities, such as fetching, agility courses, or even long-distance jogging, can be beneficial in channeling their energy productively.
In terms of intensity, while they certainly have bursts of high activity, they’re equally adept at lounging gracefully beside their owner once their exercise needs are met. Their playfulness is another facet of their personality that shines through during play sessions, making interactive toys or games a hit with this breed.
However, it’s essential to be mindful of the conditions in which you’re exercising your Pharaoh Hound. Their short coat means they might be more susceptible to extreme temperatures, both cold and hot. In particularly hot weather, it’s advisable to schedule exercise sessions during cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or late evening, to prevent overheating.
Pharaoh Hound Grooming
Grooming the Pharaoh Hound is relatively straightforward due to its short, sleek coat, which lies close to the body. However, regular grooming sessions play a dual role in not only maintaining the dog’s appearance but also promoting its overall health.
The Pharaoh Hound’s coat is notably easy to groom. Weekly brushing using a soft bristle brush or a rubber grooming mitt is sufficient to remove loose hair and maintain the coat’s natural shine. This breed is not known for excessive shedding, but like all dogs, they do shed some hair year-round. Regular brushing can help manage and reduce the amount of hair left around the home.
