Interview With Breeder/Owner Handler John Brusk
Join John Brusk as he shares his journey as a breeder/owner handler, his passion for Spinoni & Gordons, and insights into NOHS.
February 24, 2025
The Spinone Italiano is an ancient and versatile hunting dog, renowned for its distinctive rough coat and soulful, expressive eyes. Bred in Italy for pointing and retrieving game, this breed’s gentle nature and steady temperament make it a favorite among both hunters and families alike. Spinoni are loyal, affectionate companions that thrive best in active, loving households.
Sporting
22 – 27 inches
In direct proportion to size
10 – 12 years
| Country of Origin | Italy |
|---|---|
| Bred For | Versatile Hunting |
| Known For | Calmness, Cooperative Style, Endurance |
| Popularity | Moderate |
| Temperament | Affectionate, Docile, Patient, Sociable |
| Activities | Pointing, Retrieving, Swimming, Tracking, Conformation Shows, Dog Sports |
The Spinone Italiano has a rich history as one of Europe’s oldest gundog breeds, with roots that trace back several centuries. Artistic depictions of dogs resembling the Spinone appear in Italian Renaissance frescoes, including works by Andrea Mantegna, indicating the dogs’ early role as trusted hunting companions. The breed’s name, derived from the Italian word spino (meaning thorn or briar), reflects the Spinone’s ability to navigate dense underbrush while tracking game in the rugged terrain of Northern Italy.
Believed to have descended from ancient rough-coated dogs brought to Italy by traders or invaders, the Spinone evolved to become a versatile and resilient hunter, known for its stamina and keen sense of smell. Unlike faster gundogs, the deliberate and methodical hunting style of this dog allowed it to excel in challenging environments, making it invaluable to hunters seeking precision over speed.
The Spionone faced a decline during the 20th century, particularly during the two World Wars, as economic hardship and changing hunting practices impacted its population. However, dedicated breed enthusiasts preserved the breed by focusing on its working abilities and distinctive features.
Official recognition by the Italian Kennel Club (ENCI) came in 1949, followed by recognition from the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1955.
The Spinone Italiano was introduced to the United States in the mid-20th century and was officially recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 2000 as a member of the Sporting Group. Today, the breed continues to thrive as a cherished hunting partner and family companion.
The Spinone Italiano is a medium-to-large-sized breed, with males typically standing 23 to 27 inches tall at the shoulder, and females measuring slightly less at 22 to 25 inches. Weight is in direct proportion to the size and structure of a dog in good working condition.
The Spinone Italiano has a squarely built frame, with a length from the point of shoulder to the point of buttock equal to that of the dog’s height at the withers. This proportional structure ensures efficient movement and stamina during extended hunts. The breed’s substance is solid and muscular, reflecting its strength and endurance without appearing heavy or coarse. And its unique topline, consisting of two segments, is a breed-distinguishing characteristic.
Texture: The Spinone Italiano’s coat is rough and dense, offering excellent protection against harsh weather and rough terrain. The hair is medium in length and lies close to the body, with a slightly wiry texture. The ideal length is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches on the body but shorter on the head, ears, top of the muzzle, and fronts of the legs and feet. The back of the legs forms a rough brush without fringes, and the eyes and lips are framed by long, stiff hair forming eyebrows, and a mustache and beard..
| Standard Color | |
|---|---|
| White | y |
| Orange Roan | y |
| White & Orange | y |
| Brown Roan | y |
| Standard Marking | |
|---|---|
| Orange Markings | y |
| Brown Markings | y |
A Note About Color: The recognized coat colors for the Spinone Italiano include solid white, white and orange, orange roan with or without orange markings, white with brown markings, and brown roan with or without brown markings. The preferred shade of brown is a rich chestnut, often referred to as “monk’s habit” brown, though other shades of brown are also acceptable. Any presence of black in the coat is not permitted, as is tri-color in any combination.
The Spinone Italiano’s tail is traditionally docked, typically to about half its natural length. In its natural state, the tail is thick at the base and tapers to a point, reaching the hock. It is carried level or slightly raised when the dog is in motion.
The Spinone Italiano is a versatile and devoted breed, suitable for active families and individuals who can meet their needs for exercise, companionship, and mental stimulation. Understanding their health, personality, and care requirements is essential to fostering a happy and fulfilling relationship with this gentle yet hardworking dog.
The Spinone Italiano is a generally healthy breed with a lifespan of around 10 to 12 years. Regular veterinary care and a balanced lifestyle contribute to a long and happy life for this robust yet gentle dog.
Like all dogs, the Spinone Italiano may be susceptible to certain health conditions, though not every dog will experience these issues.
The Spinone Italiano is a gentle, affectionate breed, known for its steady temperament and strong connection with its human companions. Spinoni thrive on interaction and are excellent family dogs, being patient with children and sociable with other pets. While their calm demeanor makes them suitable for novice owners, they require consistent engagement to prevent boredom.
The friendly nature of the breed extends to strangers, and Spinoni rarely display aggressive tendencies. Although not excessively vocal, they may bark to alert their family of strangers or unusual activity. They are sensitive dogs, responding best to positive reinforcement and patient training, and they do not adapt well to being left alone for extended periods.
The Spinone Italiano thrives on a balanced diet that supports the breed’s moderate activity level and sturdy build. Puppies should be fed high-quality food designed for large-breed puppies, divided into three or four meals daily to promote steady growth.
As adults, Spinoni typically require 2.5 to 4 cups of food per day, split into two meals to maintain energy levels and avoid bloat. Portion sizes depend on their age, weight, and activity level, so monitoring their overall condition is essential to prevent obesity. Fresh water should always be available, and it is best to consult with a veterinarian or the dog’s breeder to determine a diet tailored to a dog’s individual needs.
The Spinone Italiano is intelligent and eager to please, making training a rewarding experience when approached with patience and positive reinforcement. The breed responds well to consistency and encouragement but may become resistant if training is overly harsh or repetitive.
Spinoni are naturally cooperative and excel in obedience and fieldwork, though they may exhibit occasional independence due to their natural hunting instincts. Early socialization is crucial to help them grow up to become well-rounded dogs, while basic obedience commands lay the foundation for advanced training. With their docile and sociable temperament and strong bond with their human companions, these versatile dogs thrive in training environments that are engaging and supportive.
The Spinone Italiano has moderate to high exercise needs, reflecting the breed’s history as a hardworking performer in challenging terrain. These dogs require daily physical activity to stay healthy and mentally stimulated, whether through brisk walks, off-leash play, or engaging activities like scent work or retrieving games.
| Energy Level | Moderate to High |
|---|---|
| Exercise Requirements | 2 Hours/Day (Minimum), Daily Walks, Daily Exercise, Playing with Other Dogs |
Although not as high-energy as some other gundog breeds, Spinoni enjoy long walks, hikes, swimming, and any opportunity to explore their environment. Regular exercise helps to prevent boredom, which can lead to undesirable behaviors like chewing or vocalizations. Their playful nature makes them wonderful companions for families that enjoy an active lifestyle.
The Spinone Italiano’s rough, wiry coat is low-maintenance, but it requires regular brushing to remove loose hair and prevent matting, especially around the beard and eyebrows. Despite the hair’s wiry texture, Spinoni shed only moderately, so weekly grooming can help to manage shedding and keep the coat in good condition.
| Coat Type | Single, Harsh, Coarse, Stiff, Rather Flat |
|---|---|
| Grooming Requirements | Weekly Brushing, Occasional Bathing, Routine Ear Cleaning, Periodic Nail Trimming, Regular Tooth Brushing |
Bathing is only necessary when the Spinone becomes particularly dirty, as overbathing can strip the coat’s natural oils. Cleaning the beard frequently is important to prevent residue buildup from food and water. Routine care, including nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental hygiene, will make sure this extraordinary bird dog stays comfortable and healthy.
The Spinone Italiano adapts well to various living environments, provided their exercise and companionship needs are met. These sweet yet opinionated dogs can thrive in an apartment if given ample outdoor activity, but they are ideally suited to homes with a yard where they can roam and play. Their rough coat offers decent protection in cold weather, though they should not be left outside for prolonged periods in extreme cold. In hot weather, they need access to shade and fresh water, as their thicker coat can make them prone to overheating.
Spinoni are affectionate and enjoy being part of the family, often seeking out their human companions for attention and cuddles. Their calm nature indoors makes them suitable for homes with children and other pets. They do best in a home where they are not left alone for long periods, since they form strong bonds and can develop separation anxiety.
Spinone Italiano puppies are playful, affectionate, and filled with curiosity, making them a delightful addition to any family. These pups grow into strong and capable dogs, but their early months are a critical period in their development. Proper care throughout puppyhood is needed to lay the foundation for a well-behaved and happy adult companion.
Caring for a Spinone Italiano puppy requires patience, consistency, and a structured routine. Early socialization is key, exposing the pup to various environments, people, and animals that will help to build confidence and establish good manners. Positive reinforcement training works best, as Spinoni are eager to please but may show some independence at times.
The Spinone puppy should be fed high-quality large-breed puppy food, divided into three to four meals a day to support steady growth and prevent overfeeding. Exercise should be moderate throughout the first year of life to protect developing joints. Short walks and supervised play sessions are best. Grooming should start early to get the puppy accustomed to brushing, nail trimming, and handling.
The Spinone Italiano is recognized by the world’s leading registries and kennel organizations, which categorize the breed into a specific Group based on its unique characteristics. This breed is recognized worldwide under the following Group designations:
| Organization | Group Designation |
|---|---|
| AKC (American Kennel Club) | Sporting |
| UKC (United Kennel Club) | Gun Dog |
| CKC (Canadian Kennel Club) | Sporting Dogs |
| ANKC (Australian National Kennel Council) | Gundogs |
| RKC (The Royal Kennel Club) | Gundog |
| FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) | Group 7: Pointing Dogs Section 1.3: Continental Pointing Dogs |
The ideal Spinone Italiano is described by a Breed Standard that is approved by each of the world’s leading registries and kennel organizations. The Breed Standards for this breed may be found in the following links:
| Organization | Breed Standard |
|---|---|
| American Kennel Club | AKC Spinone Italiano Breed Standard |
| United Kennel Club | UKC Spinone Italiano Breed Standard |
| Canadian Kennel Club | CKC Spinone Italiano Breed Standard |
| Australian National Kennel Council | ANKC Spinone Italiano Breed Standard |
| The Royal Kennel Club | RKC Spinone Italiano Breed Standard |
| Fédération Cynologique Internationale | FCI Spinone Italiano Breed Standard |
Spinone Italiano rescue groups are dedicated to rehoming and rehabilitating Spinoni Italiani in need, often providing medical care, fostering services, and training assistance to help these dogs transition to their forever homes.
Yes, Spinone Italiano dogs shed moderately despite their wiry coats. Regular brushing helps to control shedding and keeps the coat healthy and tidy.
No, the Spinone Italiano is not considered hypoallergenic. While the breed’s rough coat may produce less dander than some others, they can still trigger allergies in sensitive individuals.
Spinone Italiano typically live between 10 and 12 years. With proper care, regular veterinary check-ups, and a balanced lifestyle, they can enjoy a long and healthy life.
Yes, Spinone Italiano are excellent family dogs due to their gentle and affectionate nature. They are patient with children and get along well with other pets, making them a great choice for multi-pet households.
Spinone Italiano are not known to bark excessively but may vocalize to alert their family to something unusual. The breed’s calm temperament means this dog is generally quiet indoors, especially when its needs have been met.
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The best way to ensure a long and happy relationship with a purebred dog is to purchase one from a responsible breeder. Not sure where to begin?
Contact the National Parent Club’s Breeder Referral Program, which is listed on the AKC Breeder Referral Contacts page.
